離子液體對紅麴發酵咖啡渣生產乙醇之影響

The Effect of Ionic Liquid on Fermentation of Coffee Ground by Monascus anka for Ethanol Production

謝宗穎(TSUNG-YIN HSIEH)

指導教授 ： 葉華光 ； 何文岳

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/CYCU.2015.00524

摘要

石油是現今不可或缺的一項經濟來源，可用於交通工具的燃料、石化工業等用途。然而石油是一種不可再生的資源，且石油的形成速度趕不上人們使用的速度，所以開始有人們擔心石油會不足的問題，進而尋找新的替代能源，常見的替代能源包含太陽能、風力、生質酒精等。
生質酒精是將生質經由水解、糖化、發酵轉換成乙醇，目前生質乙醇已用於部分的交通工具燃料中，例如臺灣於2011年將3 %生質酒精摻入石油中，於2015年將含量提高質5 %。但是生質酒精在生產乙醇的過程中也存在許多的問題，譬如酸預處理所使用的酸對於設備的腐蝕、酸廢液的處理、成本考量、糖類過度降解(酸水解)或是水解不完全(蒸氣爆炸)等問題。
雖然現今已經開發至第四代生質酒精，但在現今對於農業廢棄物的處理還是一大問題，許多農民選擇以焚燒或是掩埋的方式處理，而這些處理方式會對於環境造成傷害。所以本研究以第二代生質酒精作為實驗的目標，一方面探討農業廢棄物是否可以更有效地轉換成有用的物質，另一方面研究離子液體對於咖啡渣的預處理效果以及紅麴的生長和發酵生產乙醇的影響，目的是為了改善預處理後的純化步驟、減少過程中的流失以及成本的降低。比較四種離子液體[C4mim]Br、[C4mim]Cl、[mimC4mim]2Br、[(CH3CH2)3NC4]Br對於乙醇的生產的差異，其中以[C4mim]Br的效果最為佳。發酵溫度約30 ℃、發酵時間兩週可獲得最大的乙醇產量37 ± 12 ppm，也就是每100m g的咖啡渣可產生23 mg的乙醇，乙醇的產率為23 %。

關鍵字

離子液體 ； 紅麴 ； 乙醇

並列摘要

Oil is now an indispensable source of income, can be used for vehicle fuel, petrochemical industry and other purposes. However, oil is a nonrenewable resource, and the rate of formation of oil cannot keep up the speed of people use, so people began to worry about the problem of insufficient oil, and then start looking for a new alternative energy, alternative energy contain common solar, wind power, bio-ethanol.
Bio-ethanol is the raw biomass hydrolyzate, saccharification, fermentation to ethanol by converting the current bio-ethanol has been used to transport the fuel. Such as Taiwan in 2011 to 3% biomass ethanol incorporation of oil in 2015 will improve the quality of the content of 5%. But there are many biomass alcohol problems in ethanol production process, such as the acid used in acid pretreatment equipment for corrosion, acid waste water treatment, cost considerations, excessive carbohydrate degradation (acid hydrolysis) or incomplete hydrolysis (steam explosion) and other issues.
Although now been developed to the fourth generation of bio-ethanol, but today was a big problem to deal with agricultural waste, Many farmers choose to incineration or landfill manner, and these treatments can cause harm to the environment. So this study as a second-generation bio-ethanol goal of the experiment, on the one hand to explore whether agricultural wastes can be more efficiently converted into useful substances; on the other hand research of ionic liquid pretreatment for coffee grounds and red yeast growth and fermentation to produce ethanol. The purpose is to improve the purification steps after pretreatment, to reduce the loss as well as reduce process costs. Comparison of four ionic liquid [C4mim]Br, [C4mim]Cl, [mimC4mim]2Br, [(CH3CH2)3NC4]Br difference for the production of ethanol, which [C4mim]Br most good effect. Fermentation temperature of about 30 ℃, fermentation time two weeks for maximum ethanol yield 37 ± 12 ppm, which is every 100m g of coffee grounds to produce 23 mg of ethanol, the ethanol yield of 23%.

並列關鍵字

ionic liquid ； Monascus anka ； ethanol

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