This study explores how the indigenous people respond to the inevitable force of modernization by traditional knowledge. The indigenous people concerned in study are called Tao or Yami who have inhabited on the Orchid Island for several hundred years. In the paper, the author first depicts Tao’s traditional culture and knowledge. The author also illustrates the cultural changes under the contemporary tourism. Then, the author shows how the Tao people transform their traditional culture and knowledge into forms of modern classes as tribal learning that helps the outsiders learning and understanding Tao’s culture and knowledge.