長期照護發展：利益關係者觀點之研究

台灣社會醫療衛生進步，國民平均餘命不斷延長，身心功能不良或障礙或衰老的人口也是逐年成長。除此之外，婦女就業人口遞增及少子化現象的影響，更會造成原本傳統大家庭之照護功能喪失。這些因素導致缺乏傳統家庭照護之老年慢性病患或身體障礙者，也不得不轉向對社會長期照護的需求與依賴漸次增加甚至急遽擴大。如何提供長期照護成為台灣社會政策擬訂者的重要課題。長期照護不只是關照不斷延長但有可能貧品質不佳或惡化的「平均餘命」，而是進一步強化人們的「健康餘命」。活得越來越久，不該成為社會共同的負擔，相反的應是人性共同的發展成就。台灣長期照護制度，其中包含居家照護、社區照護、機構照護三大層面。考量長期照護涵蓋不同利益關係對象之推動單位(衛福部與縣市政府)、執行長期照護業者、保險業者、家裡有需要者、家裡不需要者、志工、參與長期照護學者專家、未參與長期照護學者專家，本研究透過滾雪球抽樣與深度訪談以詢問南投縣相關所有利益關係對象對長期照護之實施本質上「想要」，(would)做什麼?條件上「能夠」， (could)可以做什麼? 現在「究竟」，(did)是什麼? 現在與未來「應該」，(should)要做什麼?的了解、看法，並歸納整理與匯整相關實質建議。

關鍵字

台灣長期照護發展；利益關係對象

並列摘要

Because of Taiwan's social health progress, the average life expectancy of the people continue to extend, and the aging population of physical and mental dysfunction or obstruction is growing year by year. In addition, the increase in the employment of women and the impact of the phenomenon of less children causes the loss of original traditional family care function. These factors all lead to the lack of traditional family care for elderly patients with chronic or physical disabilities, and the needs and dependency of the long-term care are gradually increased or even in rapid expansion. How to provide long-term care as an important subject of Taiwan's social policy makers. Long-term care is not just about the "average life expectancy" that continues to lengthen the life of poor or deteriorated pepople, but further strengthens people's health. Live longer and longer, should not be a common burden of society, on the contrary, it should be the common development of human achievements. Taiwan long-term care system, which includes three levels on home care, community care, institutional care. Consider the long-term care’s promotion on the different interests of the object, the promotion of the governement (Wei Fu Department and the county government), the implementation of long-term care industry, insurance industry, the family that needs for long-term care, the family does not need, volunteers, long-term care experts, this study through the snowball sampling and in-depth interviews to ask Nantou County related to all the interests of the object of the implementation of long-term care. To sum up, this study explores the essence of "would", the condition of "could ", "what is done"now, and "what should do" for now and the future? It is reach the understanding, and and consolidation of the relevant substantive recommendations on long-term care development.