馬華文學論爭研究

自馬華文學誕生以來，文藝論爭就不曾少過，且每個時代都有每個時代的論爭。馬華文藝論爭反映著該時代的文藝思潮及當代華人的思想意識。馬華文學的文藝論爭最早發表於報章文藝副刊，戰後出版業的發展環境改善，文學雜誌冒現，文藝論爭的「戰場」遂擴大到文學雜誌。文藝論爭是不同派別的創作者與評論者的思想交鋒及個人對文學發展的不同看法，雖然有時免不了一些意氣之爭，但多數論爭的結果都可總結、歸納某一時期文藝發展的全貌，對一些文學觀念做出最適當的詮釋。一些爭議性議題在多番辯論後有助於修正偏頗的文學史觀，因此縱使一時硝煙彌漫，文藝論爭對文學的發展還是有一定的貢獻。本文以1919年馬華新文學發端至上世紀九〇年代所發生的文藝論爭為研究主題，探看近一百年來馬華文藝思潮的衍生、爭論與發展，以及文藝思潮/文藝論爭與華人社會及馬來西亞政治環境的關係。

關鍵字

馬華文學；文藝論爭；文藝思潮；華人社會

並列摘要

There has been a long period of literary controversies since the existence of Chinese Malaysian Literature. The controversies in literature vary from time to time. They reflect the contemporary literary trends and thought of the literati in the Chinese society. The essays on literary controversies in earlier time were mostly published in literary supplements of the Chinese newspapers. The social stability after World War II has impelled the development of literature publications. Thus, the “battlefield” of literary controversies has extended to magazines. Literary controversies are actually the ideological confrontation among the writers and the critics who carried different views and opinions. The literati have performed diversities in literary ideologies. Inevitably there are different voices and irrational conflicts among detractors. Most of the controversies have brought out an integrated conclusion on literature issues, which have provided an overview on literature trends in a particular period and best interpretations on literary concepts. Jaundiced opinions could be corrected after several debates. There were certain uncomfortable circumstances too. However, literary controversies still contribute greatly to Chinese Malaysian Literature. This thesis studies on the literary controversies that happened from 1919 towards 1990s，to observe the appearance, conflictions and development of literary trends and thoughts and the link between literary controversies, Malaysia Chinese society and political issues in Malaysia.