國民中學校長道德領導之個案研究

本研究主要目的在於探討一所國民中學校長實施道德領導的全貌，屬於個案研究。研究者從文獻探討校長道德領導的意涵、作為、影響因素、以及對學校之影響，作為本研究蒐集分析資料的參考。接著透過參與觀察、訪談等方式蒐集現場資料，之後分析歸納出天真國中P校長實施道德領導的具體作為、遭遇困境、影響因素以及對學校成員之影響。所得結論大致如下：一、天真國中校長道德領導作為符合正義、關懷、批判、效益、德行倫理等倫理原則。二、學校成員的個人意識與來自外界的壓力，會對天真國中校長實施道德領導造成阻礙。三、領導者的個人特質、領導理念以及學校背景影響了天真國中校長道德領導的實施。四、天真國中校長實施道德領導對成員影響包含：增加成員利社會行為、減少成員不良後果行為、提高成員留職傾向、強化成員對領導者的支援、改善成員相處氣氛。基於研究發現，茲提供建議如下：一、對校長之建議（一）校長應扮演學校成員之道德楷模（二）校長應積極關懷學校成員（三）校長應凝聚成員向心力，作為對抗外在壓力的後盾（四）校長可實施道德領導以促成成員正向改變二、對教育行政主管機關之建議（一）教育主管機關將道德修為納入校長甄試及儲訓機制（二）教育主管機關應提供校長因應不當外力干預之支援（三）教育主關機關宜積極宣導道德領導理念及成效三、對後續研究之建議（一）研究主題可針對影響校長實施道德領導的因素再進行深入探討（二）研究方法宜採多重個案以相互對照（三）研究參與者宜擴大包含學校利害關係人（四）研究時間宜採長期追蹤以瞭解校長實施道德領導歷程

關鍵字

道德領導；倫理領導；行政倫理

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to describe the full view of moral leadership of the principal in a junior high school、which is a case study research. The author referred to documentations to identify the meanings、conducts、factors、and effects on school of the principal、applied participative observation and interview to collect data on-the-scene、then induce the substantial conducts、difficulties、factors and effects on school members of moral leadership of principal P in TienZhen junior high school. The conclusions obtained showed as follows: 1. Tienzhen junior high school principal’s moral leadership behaviors accommodate with the ethic principles of justice、care、judgement、and morality. 2. The personal conscious of school members and external pressure would obstruct the practice of moral leadership of the principal at Tienzhen junior high school. 3. The character、leading ideas and school background have effects on the principal’s practice of moral leadership at Teinzhen junior high school. 4. The practice of moral leadership of Tienzhen junior high school principal has effects on the school members、which include、increasing the social behaviors of the members、diminishing ill effects and behaviors of members、raising the tendency of staying on duty、enforcing the support to the leader of members、and improving the relationships between members. The suggestions are proposed according to the research results: 1. Suggestions for principals: (1) The principal should be the moral role model of the school members. (2) The principal should attentively give considerations to school members. (3) The principal should unite the members to form the supporter against external pressure. (4) The moral leadership practiced by the principal is able to make positive alternations on the members. 2. Suggestions for educational administrative institute: (1) Educational institute should include moral accomplishments into the selection、training and recruitment merchandise. (2) Educational institute should provide the principal with support against improper external forces. (3) Educational institute shall actively promote the ideas and effects of moral leadership. 3.Suggestions for further studies: (1) The research topic can be focused on the further examinations of factors which have effects on the principal’s practice of moral leadership. (2) Apply multiple cases study on research method for comparison. (3) The research participants should expand to the interested party of school. (4) The research period should adopt long-term tracking in order to identify the progress of the practice of moral leadership by the principal.