母公司的自擁優勢與經驗知識對子公司經營績效之影響─以台灣廠商對大陸投資為例

過去有許多對企業經營績效之研究，探討各種企業行為對經營績效的影響。企業除了自擁優勢的影響外，企業經驗知識的累積也是企業投資海外市場的重要成敗關鍵。企業累積的經驗知識包含一般經驗知識與市場相關知識。通常多國籍企業剛進入外國市場，會因為對當地商業環境的不熟悉，而相對於當地的競爭企業有較多的劣勢。若企業有豐富的國外投資經驗，可對往後的國外投資減少大量的營運不確定性與成本，抑或運用相似的投資模式與經驗開發新的市場。最先可能影響大陸子公司經營績效的即是台商母公司本身的競爭力，而自擁優勢即是母公司競爭能力的展現；另外，透過以往的國外投資經驗，對爾後投資的大陸子公司績效有影響，這當中還與產業的性質而有所不同。本研究使用紀錄實際發生行為的資料庫做為投入資料，以台商到大陸設立分公司的經營績效為研究對象，探討台商在台灣建立的競爭優勢，是否能以長年累積的國際化經驗，正面提升經驗績效。

關鍵字

自擁優勢；經驗知識；國外直接投資；經營績效；複迴歸分析

並列摘要

Many past research studied multinational companies about the timing and strategy of entry into foreign markets and performance. In addition, corporate learning experience is very important to the foreign market entry. Usually multinational companies entering the foreign market have more disadvantages relative to local competitors, due to unfamiliarity to the business environment. If companies have rich foreign investment experiences and use of this general knowledge, not only can uncertainty and operating costs be reduced in future foreign investments, companies can use similar investment methods and experiences to develop new markets. In this study, using ownership advantages, general knowledge and market-specific knowledge contained in the experience knowledge to see whether it can affect the performance of Taiwan's investment of subsidiaries in China. This study also uses different accumulated experiential knowledge to do an empirical research on whether the use of similar or the duplication of the methods will have a positive impact on the performance of next Chinese subsidiary investments.