國民小學校長轉型領導對學校效能影響之研究：以領導者-成員交換關係為中介變項

本研究旨在瞭解國民小學教師對校長轉型領導、學校效能及領導者-成員交換關係的知覺，並探究領導者-成員交換關係在校長轉型領導與學校效能之間所產生的中介效果。　　本研究採用問卷調查法，以台中地區市立國民小學教師為研究對象，透過分層比例抽樣方法蒐集資料，問卷共計發放715份，回收641份，回收率為89.7%。首先，以描述性統計與相依樣本變異數分析進行資料分析，接著，以校長轉型領導為自變項，領導者-成員交換關係為中介變項，學校效能為依變項，並以結構方程模式探討領導者-成員交換關係對校長轉型領導與學校效能之間的中介效果，最後，依據統計分析結果，提出各項建議，以供教育相關人員與未來研究參考。本研究結果大致與假設相符，歸納主要發現如下：一、國民小學教師知覺校長轉型領導對學校效能具有正向影響。二、國民小學學教師對校長-教師交換關係呈現中度知覺。三、校長-教師交換關係對校長轉型領導與學校效能之間具有部分中介效果。

關鍵字

轉型領導；學校效能；領導者-成員交換關係

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to discuss teachers’ perception of principals’ transformational leadership, school effectiveness, and leader-member exchange in elementary schools, and investigates the mediation effects of leader-member exchange between principals’ transformational leadership and school effectiveness. This study adopts a method of using a questionnaire survey. The samples of this study were 641 elementary schools’ teachers in Taichung. First, data collected were analyzed with descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA. Next, the school effectiveness was set as independent variable, leader-member exchange as the control variable, and school effectiveness as dependent variable. SEM was used to discuss the mediating effective of leader-member exchange on principals’ transformational leadership and school effectiveness. Finally, suggestions were proposed according to the statistic data for the references for education practitioners and future researches. The result of this study accommodated with the hypothesis, and the findings were as follows: 1. In Elementary Schools, the school principal’s transformational leadership is positively correlated with school effectiveness. 2. In Elementary Schools, the teachers’ perception of leader-member exchange showed a medium range. 3. Leader-member exchange had partial mediating effects on the principals’ transformational leadership and school effectiveness.