禪修學習者生命意義觀點轉化學習歷程之研究

本研究旨在探討禪修學習者生命意義觀點之轉化學習歷程。希望透過研究，達到以下目的：一、探討禪修學習者生命意義觀點產生的改變。二、瞭解禪修學習者生命意義觀點轉化學習的重要歷程。　　本研究採質化深度訪談的方式進行，並輔以半結構式訪談大綱，來蒐集研究所需之資料。研究對象以立意取樣的方式，透過研究者認識的朋友及由親友推薦，選取六位受訪者，選取原則為：具有因禪修學習而轉化生命意義觀點經驗之禪修學習者。此六名受訪者，共計男性一位、女性五位，參與禪修學習時間從五年至二十年不等，年齡介於44歲至70歲之間。透過六位禪修學習者觀點轉化之經驗之分享，以了解禪修學習者生命意義觀點之轉化學習歷程。經過資料之歸納分析與綜合討論後，獲致主要結論如下：一、六位禪修學習者在「苦難的接納」、「存在的價值與意義」、「生命自主與負責」以及「生命目標與實踐」等生命意義觀點上均呈現相關轉變。二、禪修學習者生命意義觀點之轉化學習歷程為：歷經人生關卡，或者歷經平日時常發生的不如意事等關鍵事件之後，透過禪修觀念反思與釐清既有觀點，接著坦白面對既有觀點之不周延，逐漸形成替代性新觀點，並將新觀點具體落實於生活中。三、貫穿整個轉化歷程，讓禪修學習者成功觀點轉化的重要因素，包含禪修學習者運用的禪修方法與禪修觀念，以及其他助力。四、禪修學習者生命意義觀點轉化對人生產生的長遠影響，包括：遇事能轉念，轉向正面思考、尊重生命價值觀、以慈悲心善待眾生、在與人互動的當下保持覺性，向內觀照，以及努力活在當下。　　最後，本研究根據上述研究結果，對禪修學習者、實務工作者及未來相關研究提出具體建議。

關鍵字

禪修學習者；生命意義；轉化學習

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explorethe transformative learning process about the life meaning perspectives of meditation learners. It is hoped that this study can achieve the following goals: 1.Explore the changes of life meaning perspectives of meditation learners. 2.The understanding of the transformative learning process about the life meaning perspectives of meditation learners. In this study, the necessary data were collected through qualitative in-depth interviews with semi-structured interview questions. The study uses purposeful sampling method to choose six meditation learners who were the researcher’s friends or recommended by the researcher’s friends. They were chosen because they are meditation learners and havetransformative experience of the life meaning perspectives. Their ages were between 44 and 70. One of them was male and the other five were female. All of them had been practicing meditation for five to twenty years. Through these 6 meditation practitioners' sharing of their viewpoint, the transformative learning process about the life meaning perspectives of meditation learners was understood. After analysis and general discussion, the following conclusions were reached: 1.Six meditation learners, their perspectives of life meaning have changes, including the “acceptance on suffering”; “value and meaning of existence”; “independent and responsible on self life”; “target and practice of life”. 2.The transformative learning process about the life meaning perspectives of meditation learners as follows: After experiencing life major event, or after experiencing unexpected happenings, then reflection and clarify their existing perspectives with concept of meditation, then frankly face their old deficient perspectives, and gradually formed new alternative perspectives, then practice new perspectives in life. 3.Throughout the transformation process, the important factors of successful transformation, including：meditation learners use meditation method and meditation concept, and other power. 4.After meditation learners has transformed the perspectives of life meaning, the new perspectives have long-term impacts on their lives, including being able to turn to positive thinking; respect for the values of life; be compassionately kind to all beings; when interaction with the people, being able to maintain awareness and inward reflection; efforts to maintain awareness at every moment. Lastly, based on the above results, this study have made several suggestionsto meditation learners, as well as to the educational practitioners and the researchers in the future.