社會企業促進社會融合之初探~以經濟弱勢婦女為例

Social enterprise and Social inclusion : Study of vulnerable women

吳佳霖(Chia-Lin Wu)

指導教授 ： 張英陣

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2012.00062

摘要

本研究透過正在從事社會企業的非營利組織進行經濟弱勢婦女在經濟面向、社會關係（包含家庭、人際與社會網絡）、文化參與及政策法令參與等不同面向，進行非營利組織如何展現運用社會企業的模式，改變與影響經濟弱勢婦女的社會角色改變與關係網絡建立，並透過社會資本的建立與積累，降低社會排除而促進社會融合的過程。透過訪談方式從事探究非營利組織透過社會企業的模式，對於經濟弱勢婦女產生的影響、以及對於自身改變的意義與價值，同時也探究社會企業與社會資本對於促進社會融合過程的關連與影響。
本研究目的為：1.經濟弱勢婦女參與社會企業過程，對其個人社會資本面向的改變與發展探究。2.社會企業對於經濟弱勢婦女促進社會融合各面向的影響與因素探究。3.從經濟弱勢婦女的角度提出對於台灣社會企業發展之政策建議。
研究結論初步歸納為五個：1.社會企業具有促進社會融合的關鍵因素，2.社會資本對於促進社會融合具有催化、促進和連接（橋樑）的角色與功能，3.社會企業對社會融合的面向具有影響，4.社會企業也會造成社會排除，5.社會企業、社會資本與社會融合三者間具有相互牽引的關係。
因此社會企業、社會資本、社會融合之間具有一種緊密的連結關係，且有循環與相互影響的現象。

關鍵字

社會企業 ； 社會排除 ； 社會融合 ； 社會資本 ； 社會參與 ； 經濟弱勢婦女

並列摘要

This research, carried out by non-profit organizations engaged in social enterprise, aims to study the economic orientations, social networks (including family, interpersonal and social relations) and cultural participation of vulnerable women as well as their participation in the policy making process and attempts to show how non-profit organizations, using the social enterprise model, could impact and change the role of these women in society and social networks and thus reduce the social exclusion and promote the process of social inclusion through establishing and accumulating the social capital. Using interactive method, this study will analyze how non-profit organizations using social enterprise model influence and enhance the meaning and value of self transformation of these women while exploring how social enterprise and capital influence and facilitate the process of social integration of them.
The purpose of this research:
1.Analyze the changes and development of social capital of economically vulnerable women in the process of their participation in social enterprise.
2.Analyze the influences and aspects of social inclusion, facilitated by social enterprise, of economically vulnerable women.
3.Based on the experiences of the vulnerable women, put forward suggestions for policy making that help the development of social enterprise in Taiwan.
The results of this preliminary research are the following:
1.Social enterprise is a key factor in promoting social inclusion.
2.Social capital have the role and function of catalyzing, promoting and bridging the process of social inclusion.
3.Social enterprise influences all aspects of social inclusion.
4.Social enterprise can also cause social exclusion.
5.Social enterprise, social capital and social inclusion have a mutually affecting relationship.
Therefore has a close link between social enterprises, social capital, social integration. This close link between the three is a circulatory and mutually influential phenomenon.

並列關鍵字

Social enterprise ； Social exclusion ； Social inclusion ； Social capital ； Social participation ； Vulnerable women

參考文獻

Alter. (2004). Social Enterprise Typology. Virtue Ventures LLC.

Atkinson,A. B. & Marlier, E. (2010). Analysing and measuring social inclusion in a Global Context. Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations New York.

Barry, B. (2002). Exclusion, Isolation, and Income. Understanding Social Exclusion. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Biox, C. & Posner, D. N. (1998). Social capital: Explaining its origins and effects on government performance. British Journal of Political Science, 28, 683-693

Blackburny, R. & Ram, M. (2006). Fix or fixation? The contributions and limitations of entrepreneurship and small firms to combating social exclusion. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 18, 73–89