大型重型機車騎士騎乘阻礙之研究

大型重型機車休閒活動呈現穩定成長趨勢，並且多數用途主要是休閒及旅遊。本研究之目的在於，雖然騎乘大型重型機車這項休閒活動沒有明確的限制門檻，但他對於金錢方面確實高於一般的休閒活動，加上頻繁於新聞看到大型重型機車的車禍事故，大型重型機車車禍的「致死率」高達8倍，金錢、安全等方面是我們目前明顯可看見關於騎乘大型重型機車的阻礙，但這些外部阻礙仍無法完全解釋從事大型重型機車此項休閒活動的人們的廣泛相關阻礙的程度，因此本研究有鑑於此，希望能夠針對從事大型重型機車休閒活動的大眾，進行更為深入的研究，探討出有別於表面更進一步的內部阻礙因素，作為後續有意願投入此項相關研究的人員及大型重型機車車廠的參考依據。由穆札弗·謝里夫、卡羅琳·謝里夫及卡爾·霍夫蘭德三位心理學家於1980年提出的社會判斷理論指出，人類在判斷其他人事物的能力或特質時，會跟自己心中的原型比較後再做出判斷。另外，訪談也是讓人們了解社會、認識社會的一種方法，因此有鑑於訪談是最接地氣、最能得知研究對象的想法、觀念、信仰等信息的方式，本文研究方法採用實地訪談，透過蒐集統整過往專家和研究人員的相關研究結果，並且實際訪談大型重型機車休閒活動參與者，找出文獻中有關參與休閒活動者的參與動機、參與行為以及參與休閒活動者的屬性作為後續訪談分析關於人物分類的線索，將受訪者分成初級、中級、高級以及無法界定，並根據各自等級相對應的線索和涉入程度高低，作為參與大型重型機車休閒活動者的人物分類原型。研究結果顯示，人物分類原型中初級對應的線索有尊榮虛榮、興趣與滿足、遠離壓力、參與頻率低；中級對應的線索有社交聯誼、學習新知、興趣與滿足、遠離壓力、旅遊方便性、參與頻率高、獨立解放感、自我挑戰、生活中心性；高級對應的線索有學習新知、挑戰自我、冒險精神、旅遊方便性、社交聯誼、興趣與滿足、遠離壓力、生活中心性、自我肯定、參與頻率高及獨立解放感；無法界定這一分類的線索則包含社交聯誼、學習新知、冒險精神、興趣與滿足、遠離壓力及參與頻率高。先前研究指出，性別、婚姻狀況、收入等人口統計變項對於休閒動機和休閒態度等無顯著差異，本次研究致力於參與者的內部特質作為線索，並將這些線索擬定出一個往後可以作為對照大部分大型重型機車休閒活動參與者的人物分類原型表。

關鍵字

重型機車；人物分類原型

並列摘要

The leisure activities of heavy motorcycle show a steady growth trend, and most of the application are leisure and tourism. The purpose of this study is that although there is no definite threshold for the leisure activity of riding a heavy motorcycle, it is indeed higher than ordinary leisure activities in terms of money. In addition, we can frequently sees the accidents of heavy motorcycle in the news. The "fatality rate" of heavy motorcycle’s accident is reach up to 8 times. Money, safety, etc. are currently obvious constraints to riding heavy motorcycle, but these external constraints still cannot fully explain the extent of the wide range of related constraints to people engaged in heavy motorcycle as a leisure activity. Therefore, in view of this, this study hopes to conduct a more in-depth study of the public engaged in heavy motorcycle leisure activities. To explore further internal constraints that are different from the surface, and as a reference basis for those who are willing to invest in this related research and large heavy-duty locomotive depots in the future. The social judgment theory proposed by three psychologists, Muzaffar Sharif, Caroline Sharif and Karl Hofland in 1980, points out that when humans judge the abilities or characteristics of other people and things, they will compare them with their own prototypes then make a judgment later. In addition, interviews are also a way for people to realize and be familiar with society. Therefore, in view of the fact that interviews are the best way to learn about the ideas, concepts, beliefs and other information of the research objects, the research method of this article uses on-site interviews. By collecting and integrating the relevant research results of past experts and researchers, and actually interviewing the participants of heavy motorcycle leisure activities, to find out the participation motivation, participation behavior and attributes of participants in leisure activities in the literature as follow-up interviews analyze clues about character classification. Respondents were divided into elementary, intermediate, advanced, and undefined, and based on the clues and degree of involvement corresponding to their respective levels, they were used as the prototype of the character classification for participants in large-scale heavy locomotive leisure activities. The research results show that the primary clues in the character classification prototype include honor and vanity, interest and satisfaction, freedom from pressure, and low frequency of participation; Intermediate-level corresponding clues include social networking, learning new knowledge, interest and satisfaction, freedom from pressure, travel convenience, high frequency of participation, and a sense of independence and liberation, challenging oneself, and life centrality ; High-level corresponding clues include learning new knowledge, challenging oneself, adventurous spirit, travel convenience, social networking, interest and satisfaction, freedom from pressure, life centrality, self-affirmation, high frequency of participation, and a sense of independence and liberation; Undefined, this category’s clues include social networking, learning new knowledge, adventurous spirit, interest and satisfaction, freedom from pressure, and high frequency of participation. Previous studies have pointed out that demographic variables such as gender, marital status, and income have no significant differences in leisure motivation and leisure attitudes. This research focuses on the internal characteristics of the participants as clues, and draws these clues into a prototype table of characters that can be compared with most of the participants in heavy motorcycle leisure activities in the future.