無圍牆小學開放性與安全性之研究─監視社會理論的觀點

The Security and Openness of Elementary Schools without Walls: from the Perspective of Surveillance Society Theories

李明諴(Ming-Shian Li)

指導教授 ： 董娟娟

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/公共行政與政策學系/碩士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2009.00093

摘要

鑑於學風日益開放，許多學校紛紛採用無圍牆的方式來增進學校與社區之間的關係，本研究企圖用監視社會理論（surveillance society theories）來檢視無圍牆學校，以便瞭解無圍牆小學如何兼顧開放性與安全性。
本研究以南投縣為研究範圍，選擇無圍牆小學─水尾國小、不完全無圍牆小學─福龜國小以及有圍牆小學─南光國小等三所國小作為研究對象。首先，採用文獻分析法回顧開放教育、校園社區化、學校建築規劃原則以及社會監視等相關理論，並運用監視社會理論來檢視開放教育中的無圍牆學校。其次，使用觀察法直接對三所小學進行現狀觀察與記錄，進而予以研究探討分析；同時，針對學校相關人士，包含行政人員、老師與學生以及社區居民等，進行深度訪談，瞭解校園的校務、安全管理工作等。最後，再以比較研究法將蒐集到的三所學校的相關資料，進行優缺點、相似之處以及相異之處的分析，進而歸納無圍牆小學的設立必需具備哪些基本的條件，以及如何克服安全與開放間的爭議。
本研究發現「學校成員的人際監視」、「緩衝區的規劃」、「警察或保全機構的協助」、「社區民眾的參與」及「監視器的適當設置」是設立無圍牆小學的基本條件，而學校與社區維持互助、互惠的良善關係，更能紓解以往對於校園安全上的顧慮。

關鍵字

監視社會理論 ； 無圍牆小學 ； 安全性 ； 開放性

並列摘要

Because of the school discipline opens day by day, many schools have selected the non-wall design to promote the relationship between school and community. This study adopted surveillance society theories to examine how elementary schools without walls can keep campus open and safe. This study used Nantou County as the area of research, and selected three schools as objects of study. They respectively are Shui-Wei elementary school without walls, Fu-Guei elementary school with partial walls as well as Nan-Gwang Elementary School with walls.

First, this study reviewed four sets of literatures which included open education, school communitilization, the design principle of school buildings, and surveillance society theories. This thesis adopted surveillance society theories to examine the security and openness of school without walls.

Second, the study directly observed the three campuses and then recorded, discussed and analyzed the observation results. Besides, the researcher conducted in-depth interview to ask questions from executives, teachers, students, and community residents to comprehend the administrative affairs of the schools and security management.

Finally, the study used comparative method to analyze the strengths and weaknesses, similarities and differences of campus wall policy among three schools. It came to a conclusion that five preconditions existed to allow elementary school without walls to set up. The contentions between security and openness were also discussed.

The finding results showed that “personal surveillance by school members”, “the design of buffer area”, “the assistance from police department or security organization”, “the participation of community residents”, and “the suitable installation of closed-circuit televisions” are the basic conditions for establishing elementary schools without walls. It could also eliminate some misgivings for the security of school without walls when school and community maintained cooperative and reciprocal relationship.

並列關鍵字

surveillance society theories ； elementary school without walls ； security ； openness

參考文獻

參考文獻

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