社工人員自覺工作特性與留任意願之相關性─以職場友誼為調節變項

The Relationships between Job Characteristics and Retention of Social Workers: Workplace Friendship as Moderator

吳欣育(Hsin-Yu Wu)

指導教授 ： 吳書昀

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/碩士(2019年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu201900179

摘要

摘要

本研究旨在暸解社工人員對工作特性、職場友誼及留任意願的感受，以及三者之間的相關性。本研究以「工作特性模型」為理論基礎，並以職場友誼作為調節變項，探討職場人際互動關係對工作特性與留任意願之間的調節效果，期望以正向觀點來探究影響社工人員留任意願的因素。
本研究採量化研究，以全國社工人員為研究對象，依立意抽樣之條件共回收有效問卷280份，所蒐集之資料以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關以及多元迴歸等統計方式進行資料分析，所獲得的研究結果如下：
一、社工人員對多元技能與重要性感受程度高，且職場友誼關係良好。
二、社工人員對任務完整性感受程度低，且對於留任現職持保留態度。
三、社工人員之年齡、社會工作專業年資、現職單位工作年資、是否具主管職、薪資會影響工作特性的知覺感受。
四、社工人員之年齡、社會工作專業年資、是否具主管職、薪資會影響職場友誼。
五、社工人員之年齡、現職單位工作年資、是否具主管職會影響留任意願。
六、職場友誼與留任意願呈顯著相關，是社工人員留任的組織拉力。
七、社工人員之年齡、現職單位工作年資及工作特性可預測留任意願，且自主性及回饋性是重要的預測因子，而職場友誼對留任意願具有正向的調節效果，整體模型解釋力為38.9%。

最後，依據本研究之結果與討論，針對實務、教育、政策及未來研究方向提出建議，以供相關單位參考。

關鍵字

社工 ； 工作特性 ； 職場友誼 ； 留任意願

並列摘要

Abstract

This study aims to understand social workers' perceptions toward their job characteristics, workplace friendship, and intention to stay, and the correlation between the three factors. The study is based on the Job Characteristics Model and uses workplace friendship as the moderator variable to examine the moderator effect that personal workplace interaction has on job characteristics and intention to stay. The research aims to identify factors that impact social workers' intention to stay from a positive point of view.
The study is quantitative, targeting social workers nationwide for purposive sampling and retrieved 280 valid questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-testing, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and multiple regression analysis. The results obtained from the analyses are the following.

1.Social workers show high degrees of perception toward multi-skills and task importance and have good workplace relationships.
2.Social workers show low degrees of perception on task identity, and more reserved on the intention to stay.
3.Factors that impact perception include social workers' age, years of professional experience in social work, years of service in current employment, whether holding a managerial position and salary.
4. Factors that impact workplace relationship are social workers' age, years of professional experience in social work, whether holding a managerial position and salary.
5.Factors that impact intention to stay include social workers' age, years of experience in current employment, and whether holding a managerial position.
6.Workplace friendship and intention to stay show significant correlation, and is an institutional attraction.
7.Social workers' age, years of service in current employment, and job characteristics are factors that contribute to predicting intention to stay, and autonomy and feedback are essential predictor variables. Workplace friendship has a positive moderator effect on the intention to stay. The overall explanatory power of the model is 38.9%.

Finally, recommendations based on the results and discussions of this study are provided as a reference for policy-makers, practitioners, educators, and future researchers.

並列關鍵字

social workers ； job characteristics ； workplace friendship ； retention

參考文獻

參考文獻

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