多子女家庭夫妻對母職角色認知的個案探討

A Case Study on the Cognition of Motherhood by a Couple in a Family with Many Children

洪旋格(Hsuan-Ke Hung)

指導教授 ： 洪雯柔

國立暨南國際大學/教育學院/心理健康與諮詢碩士學位學程在職專班/碩士(2021年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/ncnu202100343

摘要

本論文乃是多子女家庭夫妻對母職角色認知之個案探討。由於母職角色認知不僅發生在夫妻個人身上，它同時還與公共之意識形態、社會規範相關，故本研究以解釋性互動論為研究取向，以一對多子女家庭的夫妻為本研究的受訪者，並以敘述訪談法、焦點團體訪談進行資料蒐集，作為理解研究場域與受訪者的母職認知之脈絡。

本研究目的為：一、了解多子女家庭夫妻對母職的認知；二、探討影響多子女家庭夫妻對母職角色認知的因素；三、分析在家庭生命週期中，多子女家庭夫妻的母職認知轉變與轉變原因。

本研究結論如下：
一、多子女家庭夫妻對母職角色的認知兼具傳統與現代母職觀念。妻子較偏向傳統「男主外、女主內」之認知，丈夫較偏向現代「共親職」之認知。
二、影響多子女家庭夫妻對母職角色認知的因素乃為多元性，包含原生家庭、學校教育、婚後家庭、多子女的變動、社會規範五大因素。妻子受原生家庭影響最大，丈夫因原生家庭形塑共親職觀念。
三、在家庭生命週期中多子女家庭夫妻的母職認知會轉變。轉變模式為：（一）因多子女降低自我期許的好媽媽標準；（二）夫妻調整方式來引導教養三名子女；（三）子女需求改變越壓縮夫妻的時間金錢；（四）子女陸續長大分擔家庭的母職工作；（五）從信仰尋找降低教會職場的工作壓力。轉變原因為三次主顯節事件：（一）丈夫讀神學院；（二）老大先天性疾病發作；（三）丈夫在教會工作。

本研究建議如下：
一、多子女夫妻照顧子女責任重，建議夫妻增加溝通協調，以互相支持與補位。
二、建議雙方家族視夫妻為育兒主體，減少以自己的經驗及信念干擾對方。
三、建議職場主管及公司單位，加強共親職之倡議，正視丈夫對於家庭及子女的責任。
四、建議未來研究者可藉由較多個案的訪談經驗，探討不同子女組合之多子女家庭夫妻，其夫妻各自在母職認知上的認知及變化。

關鍵字

多子女家庭 ； 母職角色認知 ； 主顯節 ； 解釋性互動論

並列摘要

This thesis is a case study on the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children. The cognition of motherhood is not only related to the individual couples, but also to public ideology and social norms. Therefore, this research adopted the interpretive interactionism as the research approach, and focused on a couple in a multi-child family. The author used narrative interview and focus group interview for data collection.
Research purposes of this thesis are as follows:
Firstly, to understand the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children.
Secondly, to explore the factors that influence the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children.
Thirdly, to analyze the change in the cognition of motherhood and the reasons for the change of a couple with many children in the family life cycle.
The conclusions of this study are as follows:
Firstly, the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children has both traditional and modern concepts of motherhood. The wife is more inclined to the traditional cognition of "man are breadwinners, women are homemakers", and the husband is more inclined to the modern cognition of "co-parenting".
Secondly, the factors that affect the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children are multiple, including five major factors: native family, school education, family after marriage, changes in many children, and social norms. The wife is most affected by her native family and the husband formed the concept of co-parenting because of his native family.
Thirdly, in the family life cycle, the cognition of motherhood by a couple in a family with many children has changed. The transformation includes: (1) Lowering the standard of good motherhood due to many children; (2) Adjusting ways to bringing up three children; (3) compressed time and money due to the changed children needs ; (4) Shared workload of the motherhood by grown children; (5) Finding support from faith to reduce the work pressure in the church workplace.
The reasons for the change were three epiphany events: (1) the husband attended the seminary; (2) the first child had a congenital illness; (3) the husband worked in the church.
The research recommendations are as follows:
Firstly, the couple with many children is responsible for taking care of their children. It is recommended that the couple increase communication and coordination to support and complement each other.
Secondly, it is recommended that both families treat the husband and wife as the main body of parenting, and reduce the interference of each other with their own experience and beliefs.
Thirdly, it is recommended that workplace supervisors and company units strengthen the initiative of co-parenting and face up to the husband's responsibilities to the family and children.
Fourthly, it is suggested that future researchers can use the interview experience of many individual cases to explore the cognition and changes of the couples in the multi-child family with different combinations of children and their cognitions and changes in the cognition of motherhood.

並列關鍵字

family with many children ； he cognition of motherhood ； epiphany ； interpretive interactionism

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