「深層敘事性同理」對青少年個案「自我覺察」影響之研究

本研究目的在透過諮商人員使用「深層敘事性同理」的操作，以了解青少年「自我覺察」的感受與影響。以詮釋現象學為研究之哲學基礎，以對話分析為研究方法，以「人際歷程回顧」蒐集研究資料。研究對象為4名國中7年級至9年級青少年，研究者邀請研究參與者對研究對象進行各6-8次的諮商與交叉訪談，根據諮商與訪談進行過程中所得之逐字稿資料，進行主題與對話分析，研究主要發現如下：1.諮商人員操作「深層敘事性同理」適合介入的情境歸納包括：個案話語很少的時刻、個案表達生活中種種壓力時、個案一直重複關心的主題、個案問題卡住的時刻、個案出現對事物感興趣時、個案出現抱怨的時刻。2諮商人員操作深層敘事性同理的方式依不同向度歸納包括：支持向度方面為表現好奇、接納關懷、尊重專注與肯定表現；在學習向度方面為鋪陳個案生命拼圖、咀嚼個案情緒轉變、點出個案潛意識正向期待、幫助個案接觸真實的自己；在行動向度方面為澄清個案問題、提供方向、解析利弊、提供新的生活方式之參考。根據上述研究結果進行進一步討論，並提出針對未來研究以及實務工作等相關具體建議。

關鍵字

青少年；自我覺察；深層敘事性同理

並列摘要

This study aims to understand the feelings and effects of adolescents’ "self-awareness" through the use of "Deeply Empathetic Narrative" by the counselors. In this study, hermeneutic phenomenology was taken as the philosophical foundation of research, dialogue analysis was used as the research method, and "Interpersonal Process Recall" was taken to collect the research data. Subjects were 4 adolescents from 7th to 9th grade in junior high school. The researcher invited the study participants to conduct 6-8 counseling and cross-interviews on the subjects, and conducted the theme and dialogue analysis based on the verbatim data obtained during the counseling and interviews. Results showed as follows: 1. The suitable intervention situations in which the counselors operated the "Deeply Empathetic Narrative" were induced including the moment as the case had very few words, expressed various stresses in life, when the case repeated the topics of concern, was stuck with the problem, appeared to something of interest, and as the case complained. 2. The ways in which the counselors operated the "Deeply Empathetic Narrative" were induced according to different directions including: showing curiosity, acceptance and care, respect and focus, affirming their performance in terms of support dimension; laying out the life puzzle of the case, chewing the emotional changes of the case, pointing out the positive expectation of the case’s subconscious, helping the case to contact the real self in terms of learning dimension; clarifying the problem of the case, providing directions, analyzing the pros and cons, and providing a reference for a new lifestyle in terms of action dimension. Based on the research results, further discussions were made, and specific recommendations for future research and practical work were proposed.