近年來台灣地區發生土石流災害日漸頻繁,如何有效利用風險來進行管理已是重要課題。當發生土石流災害時,其威脅性增加,危害到社會大眾之安全,國內水土保持局持續正視此問題,並針對土石流災害已開展風險管理相關研究。目前台灣在土石流風險準則探討方面之學術研究尚屬有限,而國外則以香港針對山崩所建議之風險準則較為明確。有鑑於國內外發展合理之風險準則需求日增,本研究也將初步探討土石流風險準則之研訂。 本研究探討土石流災害事故發生時,社會大眾對其可接受與可容忍程度程度之課題,利用問卷調查與分析方式,量化民眾對土石流之風險感認(Risk Perception),並將個人風險與社會風險相互結合,透過F-N曲線圖呈現,以作為社會大眾針對土石流危害可容忍度指標研擬之參考,討論土石流風險準則之研訂。本研究所得國內對土石流風險之感認,不論可容忍程度或可接受程度均較國際上最常引用之香港山崩風險準則寬鬆約一數量級(one order of magnitude),初步評估該準則應用於國內土石流之風險應保有足夠之保守度。
In recent year, the hazards of debris flow have occurred frequently in Taiwan. The debris flow may endanger the life of public so that Soil and Water Conservation Bureau is facing on this problem and is doing relative research on hazards of debris flow with risk management. Therefore, it’s importance on how effectively to use the risk management on debris flow. In Taiwan, the researches of risk criteria of debris flow are quite limited. Contrary to Taiwan, Hong-Kong had suggested the explicit risk criteria of landslide. Hence, this article focuses on developing the preliminary risk criteria of debris flow due to the requirement is increased in the world. In this research, the degrees of acceptable and tolerable on hazards of debris flow can be quantified by questionnaire survey and analysis to obtain the public’s risk perception of debris flow. The FN-curve which is combined with individual risk and societal risk can develop the indicator of tolerable hazards and specified risk criteria of debris flow. The results of study show the risk perception of degrees of acceptable and tolerable of debris flow in Taiwan is one order of magnitude less than Hong-Kong’s risk criteria.