英國政經條件影響特殊教育政策之研究：以柴契爾和布萊爾政府為例

本研究以政治、經濟條件對特殊教育政策的影響為主題，著墨於上述二因素在時代推移的過程中，對特殊教育政策造成的影響。分別以柴契爾、布萊爾二政府執政時期為探討主軸，針對政、經條件與特殊教育法案、政策的關聯性進行探析；研究的結果發現，經濟條件確會從預算編列的面向，對特殊教育政策的推展方向產生影響。而政治力與政黨意識的介入，在兩政府的特殊教育政策中則較看不出影響性。反倒是在法令沿革的探究中發現到政治意識的滲入，確對引領英國特教發展著有份量的律法層面，有明確的指導效果。基此，提出以下建議：一、經濟因素將會影響特殊教育政策推動，教育決策者應留心其變化及影響力。二、法令是特殊教育發展依循的重點，應力求完備。三、特殊教師需正視特教政策的潮流變化，並保持職涯的運作彈性。希望當台灣跟隨世界潮流趨勢推展特殊教育時，能從本文所提之英國經驗得到一些啟示，為社會正義的實現多付出一些努力。

關鍵字

英國政府；政治；經濟；特殊教育

並列摘要

In title of the study of influences of political and economic condition, the processes of doing research were start with checking separate conditions in history of two governments - the Thatcher and the Blair, of United Kingdom. The author was trying to check the economic performance under different governments’ control, and to testify connection range between those three factors in both government eras. To the end and had found out of this study in the author’s opinion, the economic factor sure influence special education policy, especially in budget aspect concerned. Secondly, political power did not play vital role in shifting special education policy, but did permeate into acts of education. Therefore, the author tried to recommend Taiwan authorities from conclusion of this study with first, keeping eyes on the economic situation of the nation; Second, Be aware of the role of special education acts and try more to consummate it. Third, Managing roles of special education teachers for much more elasticity in accompany with SENs at schools. And last but not least, make more effort to realize truly social justice.