走過親密風暴：受暴婦女殺害施暴者之生命歷程研究

The end of violence: A study of life course of battered women who kill their abuser.

莊雲卿(Yun-ching Chuang)

指導教授 ： 王珮玲

國立暨南國際大學/人文學院/社會政策與社會工作學系/碩士(2008年)

https://doi.org/10.6837/NCNU.2008.00204

摘要

本研究為了解受暴婦女為何轉而殺害施暴者，邀請三位殺害施暴者的受暴婦女成為研究對象。以質性研究為取向，藉由深度訪談法蒐集資料，探討受暴婦女殺害施暴者的生命歷程，從中了解歷程的轉換，及相關的心理動機與情境因素。
研究發現：（一）婦女殺害施暴者之生命歷程大致分為醞釀期、衝突期、致命攻擊期，及沉澱期，而受暴關係為該歷程中持續不斷的經驗；（二）該生命歷程的特點包括：1.婚姻關係多無親密情感的基礎，2.婚姻關係的互動受到早年經驗的影響，3.暴力循環中缺乏溫情懺悔的時期，4.內外在因素阻礙婦女離開暴力環境，加深婦女的無助與創傷，5.社會支持無法在該歷程中展現足夠的功能，6.當生活出現暴力之外的重大事件，會改變婦女對暴力關係的詮釋及繼續隱忍的意願，7.引發婦女殺機的情境不一定是致命攻擊的發生，也可能是激烈的衝突之後；（三）婦女殺害施暴者的心理動機多為對暴力關係感到絕望，該意念深受習得的無助感、來自暴力的創傷情節，及重大生活事件誘發的極端負向情緒所影響；（四）婦女殺害施暴者的情境因素多為施暴者促發，如「發生致命攻擊」、「嚴重的性暴力」。
依循研究發現，提出三項重要論點：（一）遭受婚姻暴力與殺夫行為不一定是直接的線性因果關係，但是受暴經驗卻為該行為產生之重要脈絡；（二）受暴婦女轉而殺害施暴者的歷程為「創傷情結」、「重大生活事件」與「情境因素」三個層次的交互作用；（三）單一情境因素無法解釋婦女殺害施暴者的轉折，將修正後的「挫折－攻擊」假說運用於「情境轉換」的歷程，有利於了解婦女在暴力關係中角色轉換的過程。
最後，根據本研究結果，於文末提出建議作為未來實務工作與研究方面的參考。

關鍵字

受暴婦女 ； 殺人犯罪 ； 生命歷程 ； 心理動機 ； 情境因素

並列摘要

This study aims to analyze why the battered women turning to kill their abuser. Using the qualitative research method, this research interviewed 3 battered women who killed their abuser, in order to understand their life course, to find out what the change of process, psychological motives and situational elements are. And the obtained results were as follows：
First, the life course of these women can be divided into four parts: the incubated period, the conflicted period, the deadly attacked period, and the introspected period. The domestic violence is the continued process through these four periods. Secondly, the characteristics of those women’s life course are: the marriage not always based on close relationship; the original family experience influencing their interaction of marriage; lacking of abuser’s regrets for the violent circle; the internal and external reasons hindering women to leave the violent circumstances, and making them more helplessness and trauma; the social support always not sufficient for these women; when the other important event coming up besides violence, these women might change their thought of violence and put up with the abuser; not only the deadly attack will bring out the idea of homicide, but the severe conflict will get the same outcome. Next, the psychological motive of women who turns to kill their abuser is hopelessness for violent relationship. It is influenced by learned helplessness, the trauma from violence, and the extremely negative emotions from important incident. Finally, the situational elements of killing are always owing to “victim(abuser) precipitated”, such as the fatal violence or the serious sexual assault.
According to the study, three important points have to be emphasized. First, violence is not always the only reason for women to come of the homicide, but the experience of it is always playing the important role for their further killing action. Second, women turn to kill their abuser were influenced by three gradations interactions: a complex trauma, the daily important incident and situational elements. Third, the single situation couldn’t explain the change of those women. Adopting the modified “frustration –assailment” assumption into the process of situational transaction, it will help us to see the role transaction of violent relationship.
Finally, some suggestions of the future practice and research were discussed in the end of this study, and hope to serve as the reference for various.

並列關鍵字

battered women ； homicide ； life course ； psychological motive ； situational elements

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