國民小學教師工作壓力與生活品質關係之研究

本研究旨在探討南投縣國民小學教師工作壓力與生活品質關係，並比較不同背景變項下，國民小學教師在教師工作壓力以及生活品質上的現況與差異情形，最後，分析教師工作壓力對生活品質的預測作用。研究對象以南投縣國民小學教師為母群體，採用問卷調查法進行分層隨機抽樣，即依學校規模大小抽取50所國民小學，共432名教師，而有效樣本合計為417份，回收率97%。資料回收整理之後，以描述性統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數、皮爾森積差相關和多元迴歸分析等統計方法加以探究，研究結果顯示如下：一、國民小學教師整體工作壓力為中低等程度；整體生活品質知覺則為中等程度。二、性別、區域、婚姻、職務等背景變項與教師工作壓力有統計上顯著差異。三、性別、年齡、區域、年資、職務等背景變項與教師生活品質有統計上顯著差異。四、教師工作壓力與生活品質具有顯著的負相關。五、教師工作壓力對生活品質具有預測力。本研究亦根據研究結果提出以下八點建議：一、加強教育政策宣導，減低教師無助感；二、增進教師生活品質以減輕工作壓力；三、增加偏遠地區教師人員的編制；四、提供新進教師援助；五、鼓勵教師專業成長；六、瞭解學生差異，建立適當教學；七、放鬆身心，提高生理健康狀態；八、教師經驗傳承，促進生活品質提升。關鍵詞：工作壓力、生活品質、國民小學

關鍵字

工作壓力；生活品質；國民小學

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the relationship between teachers’ job stress and their quality of life in elementary schools in Nantou. And the study also compares the different background variables to realize the current status and differences in teachers’ job stress and their quality of life in elementary schools. Finally, it analyzes the forecast effect of teachers’ job stress on the quality of life. The research takes the elementary school teachers in Nantou as participants and carries on the stratified random sampling with the questionnaire survey. Namely, according to the school size to select 50 elementary schools and has altogether 432 teachers. Result is collected based on 417 effect samples and 97% of effect sample rate. After gets back the data, the study applies descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson product-moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis to explore. Results are listed as follow: 1. Teachers’ overall job stress in elementary schools is on the medium degree, and overall quality of life of teachers is the average level. 2. They have significant difference between the background variables of sex, region, marriage, duty and the teachers’ job stress. 3. Moreover, sex, age, region, seniority, duty and other background variables have the significant difference in statistics with the teachers’ quality of life. 4. After the analysis of Pearson product-moment correlation, it indicates that teachers’ job stress has the remarkable negative correlation with their quality of life. 5. Teachers’ job stress is predictable to the whole teachers’ quality of life. According to the findings, the study proposes the following suggestions: 1. The educational authority should strengthen the guidance of educational policy in order to reduce the teachers' sense of helplessness. 2. Promotes the teachers living qualities to reduce the job stress. 3. Increases the staffing of teachers in remote areas. 4. Schools must provide the aid to a novice at teaching and other works in the school. 5. Encourage teachers for professional growth. 6. Teachers find out the individual difference of students in order to establish suitable teaching. 7. Teachers should relax their bodies and mind to enhance the condition of physiological healthy. 8. Throughs the sharing of the experience of older teachers to enhance the quality of life. Key words: elementary school, job stress, quality of life