越南華人年輕世代女性的婚姻觀－在台越南女性僑生之研究

本研究採用質性研究，了解22位越南女性僑生來台留學後的婚姻觀與選擇。受談者皆來自越南南部，父親皆為越南華人、母親大部分為越南華人，從其系譜圖及訪談中歸納出華人中心光譜強到弱的家族排序及其背後的原因。研究發現大部分越南女性僑生對「我是（越南）華人」及「最低要嫁／娶（越南）華人」的觀念深信不移，源自越南華人的家庭觀、學校中的性別教育、父母與家人的婚姻觀、處女情結等方面的影響，大部分受訪者對越南人抱有「好吃懶惰、家暴、大男人主義、外遇」等刻板印象，父母期望女兒藉由來台留學嫁給外國人，不僅是外國優於越南，更能在親戚間「長面子」。研究歸納越南華人階層化的擇偶對象，分成「外國人、越南華人、越南人」等三個階層，外國人位於階層化頂端，其最頂端為歐洲或美國人、其次為台灣人、再者為大陸人，中間階層為越南華人，最底層為越南人，其中分成南越人及北越人，大部分越南女性的擇偶對象為越南華人或外國人，除非自身已過適婚年齡才有可能接納越南人中的南越人為擇偶對象（北越人完全不列入考慮）。大部分受訪者對越南人產生族群邊界（包括母親為越南人的受訪者），深究其原因是源自於「族群」，而「家庭－家族－族群」密不可分，因為家人代表家族、代表越南華人族群，而研究發現教育程度能減緩越南女性僑生受婚姻坡度的影響，但受訪者仍秉持族群利益高於個人幸福，不因時間、地點改變！

關鍵字

越南女性僑生；婚姻觀；性別教育；族群

並列摘要

A qualitative study was conducted to investigate the marriage views and choices of 22 Vietnamese female overseas Chinese students after they came to Taiwan to study. All the interviewees are from southern Vietnam, and their fathers are Vietnamese Chinese, and most of their mothers are Vietnamese Chinese. From their genealogy and interviews, the family order of Chinese center spectrum from strong to weak and the reasons behind it are summarized. It is found that most Vietnamese female overseas Chinese firmly believe in the concepts of "I am (Vietnamese) Chinese" and normally required to marry (Vietnamese) Chinese, which are derived from the influence of family values, gender education in schools, marriage values of parents and family members, virginity complex, etc. Most of the respondents hold stereotypes about Vietnamese people such as "lazy, domestic violence, male chauvinism and affairs". Parents expect their daughters to marry foreigners, not only because the foreign country is better than Vietnam but also because it is classy among relatives. Study summarized Vietnamese Chinese stratification mating objects, divided into "foreigners, Vietnamese Chinese, and Vietnamese" three classes. Foreigners located at the top of the stratification are especially European or American, followed by a Taiwanese, then the mainlanders. Chinese are the middle class while the bottom is the Vietnamese, which is divided into south and north Vietnam. Most Vietnamese women choose Vietnamese Chinese or foreigners as their partners, and only if they are over the marriageable age can they accept South Vietnamese as their partners (North Vietnamese are not considered at all). Most respondents respond that (including whose mothers are Vietnamese) the essential reason of the Vietnamese ethnic boundary is derived from the "ethnic group". As "family - kin - ethnic group" are inseparable, because family are on behalf of the kin, on behalf of the Vietnamese Chinese ethnic group. The research found that overseas Chinese education degree can help reduce the Vietnam women to be affected by marriage gradient.However, the interviewees still hold that the interests of ethnic groups are higher than personal happiness, which does not change with time and place!