水溶液中微塑料的鑑定

摘要「微塑料」是一種極細、小微粒的塑膠顆粒（直徑小於5毫米），已經進入我們的全球生態系統中。周遭環境中都存在著塑膠微粒，廢水及丟棄的垃圾和個人的護理用品中，都含有大量的微塑顆粒。大塊塑膠製品在經太陽輻射、海浪衝擊、風化降解，而變成無數的小塑膠顆粒，在海洋生物的吞噬食透過食物鏈，而闖入動物和人類的消化系統內。且不易排出體外，而造成不孕、胎兒發育問題、癌症、免疫系統問題、內分泌混亂、兒童行為問題等。已嚴重威脅全球環境。而此研究利用阻抗分析儀進行微塑料的量測，目的是以實驗室現有資源在低成本、便利性就可以快速量測出準確的數據。且由阻抗分析儀中直接量測出來的電的特性，鑑定微塑料的材料。為了證明該技術，使用了聚乙烯（PE）、聚苯乙烯（PS）之微塑料。而為了降低微塑料的濃度與密度，而做了個別的稀釋，以3次為主，而每個皆做重覆3次的量測，量測數據取平均數據，得到在高頻率(7046931Hz/ 8953648Hz)時，PE(聚乙烯)微塑材料20um與150um的大小顆粒的阻抗比值為0.17~0.19，而PS(聚苯乙烯)微塑材料20um與150um的大小顆粒的阻抗比值約在0.11~0.13，阻抗值都是極其小的。而混合2種微塑料；量測結果的阻抗比值約為0.15~0.18。且再利用3-KNN演算法，可以達到90%以上準確度的分類出微塑粒子的材料。關鍵詞：微塑料、微塑膠材料、塑膠顆粒、阻抗分析儀、鑑定、3-KNN演算法

關鍵字

微塑料；微塑膠材料；塑膠顆粒；阻抗分析儀；鑑定； 3-KNN演算法

並列摘要

Abstract "Microplastics" are extremely fine, microscopic plastic particles (less than 5mm in diameter) that have entered our global ecosystem. There are plastic particles in the surrounding environment. Wastewater and discarded garbage and personal care products contain a large number of microplastic particles. Large pieces of plastic products are degraded by solar radiation, wave impact, weathering, and become countless small plastic particles, which are devoured by marine organisms through the food chain and break into the digestive systems of animals and humans. And it is not easy to be excreted from the body, resulting in infertility, fetal development problems, cancer, immune system problems, endocrine disorders, and behavioral problems in children. has seriously threatened the global environment. In this study, an impedance analyzer was used to measure microplastics, with the aim of quickly measuring accurate data with existing laboratory resources at low cost and convenience. And the electrical properties directly measured in the impedance analyzer are used to identify the material of the microplastics. To demonstrate the technology, polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS) microplastics were used. In order to reduce the concentration and density of microplastics, individual dilutions were made, mainly 3 times, and each measurement was repeated 3 times. 8953648Hz), the impedance ratio of PE (polyethylene) microplastic material 20um and 150um particles is 0.17~0.19, while the impedance ratio of PS (polystyrene) microplastic material 20um and 150um size particles is about 0.11~0.13 , the impedance values are extremely small. The two kinds of microplastics are mixed; the impedance ratio of the measurement results is about 0.15~0.18. And by using the 3-KNN algorithm, the material of microplastic particles can be classified with an accuracy of more than 90%. Keywords: microplastics, microplastic materials, plastic particles, impedance analyzer, identification, 3-KNN algorithm。