跨國高等教育品質認證機制之研究

本研究旨在分析高等教育品質認證之現況、國際組織推展跨國高等教育品質認證策略，以及國際間高等教育學門認證之現況，並探討國際組織間、國際學門認證間、國際組織與國際學門認證間之異同。本研究之研究目的為：一、探討高等教育品質認證之現況；二、探討國際組織推展跨國高等教育品質認證之策略；三、比較跨國高等教育品質認證之實施方式；四、提供我國推展相關政策的建議。本研究使用內容分析法與比較研究法，分析UNESCO與OECD推展跨國高等教育所發表之宣言、文件、會議、全球論壇、建議書與指導方針等等，以及現行國際學門認證制度與標準。經由對各主題之探討，本研究之結論如下：壹、高等教育品質認現況方面一、目標由一較高下與品質保證轉化為持續改善與國際競爭。二、對象由機構延伸至學程與學門。三、方法以認可制、審核制與評量制為主。貳、國際組織發展跨國高等教育品質認證方面一、跨國高等教育品質認證受到廣泛的重視。二、跨國高等教育品質保證架構尚待持續建構。三、國際組織之策略包含了舉辦全球論壇、推動簽訂地區公約、發行優良實務規則、建議書與指導方針。四、推動跨國高等教育品質認證之核心價值為：合作、公平與公開。五、跨國高等教育品質認證之架構內含多元組織。參、現行跨國高等教育品質認證機制方面一、現行國際學門認證機制：商管AACSB認證、工程教育華盛頓協定。二、國際學門認證尚待持續建構。三、國際學門認證與國際組織策略之比較：目標符合、應強化政府合作。根據上述發現，本研究提出以下建議供決策者及相關單位參考：一、設立政府層級專責機構。二、制訂相關法令。三、建構完整之資訊網路。四、積極與各國簽訂合作協定。五、建構適合外國學生就讀之環境。六、各學門應積極發展跨國高等教育品質認證。

關鍵字

品質認證；高等教育；跨國高等教育

並列摘要

This research is for the purpose of analyzing the current condition of quality recognition of the higher education, the strategy which international organizations promote the cross border quality recognition in the higher education, and the present situation in the international professional field and of discussing similarities and differences of recognition between international organizations, the international professional field and discussing those of the strategy between international organization and the international professional field. The research goals are: first, discuss the current condition of quality recognition of the higher education; second, discuss the strategy adopted by international organizations to promote international quality recognition in the higher education; third, compare the implement methods of international quality recognition in the higher education; and fourth, offer the suggestion for our country to promote relevant policies. We apply the content analysis and the comparative method to analyze the declaration, documents, meetings, global forums, recommendations and guidelines issued by UNESCO and OECD to promote the cross border higher education and to analyze the current international recognition system and standards in the professional field. Through the discussion of each theme, the conclusions of this research are as follows: First, about the current condition of quality recognition in higher education: 1. The goal turn into improve continuously and international competition by ranking and quality assurance. 2. The target extends to programs and professional field by institution. 3. The methods rely mainly on accreditation, audit and assessment. Second, about that international organizations promote quality recognition of cross border higher education: 1. Quality recognition of cross border higher education is received the extensive attention. 2. The frameworks about quality recognition of cross border higher education still need to construct continuously. 3. The strategies of international organizations include that hold global forum, push to sign regional convention, publish code for good practice, recommendation and guideline. 4. The key values of promote quality recognition of cross border higher education are cooperation, fair and open. 5. The frameworks about quality recognition of cross border higher education contain diversification institution. Third, about current systems in quality recognition of cross border higher education: 1. Current international professional field：AACSB in business, Washington Accord in engineering. 2. The international recognition of professional field need to construct continuously. 3. Comparison between the international recognition of professional field and the strategies of international organization: The target match and should enhance the government cooperation. According to the findings and discoveries above, this research proposed suggests as follows: 1. Set up specialize institution in government’s level. 2. Make relevant laws. 3. Build complete information network. 4. Sign the cooperation convention with other countries. 5. Build the environment which is suitable for foreign students. 6. Each professional field should develop quality recognition of cross border higher education constructively.