抗戰時期蕭紅與戴望舒的文學活動及社會關係研究

筆者在考察廣義的左翼作家中，認為蕭紅累積了抗戰前後的戰爭與城市體驗，開展出不同於左翼階級觀點的底層人視野。在懷憶鄉村的場景中深度的發掘出底層人長久以來被生存壓力所塑形的命運與現實。而蕭紅的文學高度來自其深刻的社會觀察，並且在抗戰時期更加堅持對底層人不離不棄的關懷。另外，筆者也考察了現代派作家戴望舒，現代派向來被視為在文學成就上高過左翼作家，然而筆者認為，戴望舒所代表的現代派的成熟來自於對於單一現代城市經驗的突破，因為現代派的文學成就也常被歸於來自自我在現代城市的體驗，然而在戴望舒的文學活動中，可以更清楚的看到抗戰的戰爭經驗對一個作家的改變，而其中的關鍵即在於戴望舒在戰爭時期的淪陷區城市中所捕捉到的自身與底層人的共同慾望困境。而選擇兩位作家作為並舉相互對照的原因在於，兩位作家雖然代表了左翼與現代派兩個不同屬性的文學理念，但卻各自針對所屬的文學團體做出了更大的突破，並同以關注底層人在抗戰時期前後從鄉村到城市中全然失據的生存處境作出了深刻的社會觀察與同情。

關鍵字

底層人；鄉村；城市；蕭紅；戴望舒

並列摘要

Xiao Hong is one of the leftist literary author during the anti-Japanese War who integrated her city experience into her works and developed her own specific subaltern horizons. Her fictions reflected the reality of life and destiny of the people under the repression period. Her depth observation and great concerned to the poor society created the literary highness of her works. This paper also studied on the modernist author Dai Wang Su, as compare to leftist author Xiao Hong. It was said that the modernist literary achieved higher literary performance than the leftists, but yet, the modernist literacy performed by Dai Wang Su surmount the narrations on the reality of specific modern city that normally performed in other modernist literary works. The spirit and experience of fought against the intruders had changed a life of an author and his literary artistic. The key performance in his works is the reflection on desires and predicament of his own as well as the people in enemy-held territories. The objective of the comparison of this two authors who are classified into different genre is to show appreciation on their efforts in reflecting the predicaments of the people during that period, spotlighted their achievements in breaking a new ground in the literary genres they represented.