本研究主要在目的在探討大專院校畢業生產生過量教育及影響就業力技能的相關因素,瞭解哪一種大專畢業生容易產生過量教育的情形以及這些大專畢業生就業力技能的差異,最後進行有無過量教育者在就業力技能表現出的差異。以台灣高等教育整合資料庫為資料來源,有效樣本為73,098人。 經過描述統計與獨立樣本t考驗後,本研究有以下發現: 1. 男性過量教育認知比例超越女性(48.3%:44.5%);公立大學過量教育現象最低(26.1%),其次是私立大學(39.6%)、公立技職學校(49.4%)以及私立技職學校(56.8%);「農林漁牧學類」(53.2%)、「家政學類」(51.5%)、「運輸通信學類」(55.2%)、「觀光服務學類」(58.7%)過量教育比例最高。 2. 大專院校生在「本國語文能力」、「團隊合作能力」、「調適能力」、「學習能力」等就業技能表現較佳,而在「外語能力」表現則明顯較差。男性在「求職及推銷自己的能力」表現與女性差異最大;女性則在「外語能力」與男性差異最大;而在「時間管理能力」上無顯著差異,顯示此技能優劣與性別無關。公立院校、一般大學在「外語能力」明顯優於私立院校、技職學校;私立院校在「時間管理能力」明顯優於公立院校。技職學校在「時間管理能力」、「專業知識與技術」明顯優於一般大學。 3. 無過量教育者的就業技能表現均較有過量教育者優秀。且在「外語能力」上無過量教育者明顯優於有過量教育者(2.38:2.15)。增加變異係數條件後,無過量教育者在「領導能力」、「創新能力」、「外語能力」、「求職及推銷自己的能力」、「運用專業知識到實際工作的能力」明顯優於有過量教育者。
The main purpose of this study is to investigate incidence of overeducation and the effect of employability skills in university and college students. Analyzing what kind of students are likely to generate the incidence of overeducation, and their differences in employability skills. Ultimately discussing the differences in the employability skills of the overeducation and the non-overeducation students. The sample of this study was chosen from the “Taiwan Integrated Postsecondary Education Database” with a total of 73,098 people. Independent-samples T test is used for data analysis and the findings of current study are as follows: 1. Male is more likely to generate overeducation than female (48.3%: 44.5%). The rate of generate overeducation in school type from low to high is national university (26.1%), private university (39.6%), national college (49.4%), and private college (56.8%). “Agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries field”, “Housekeeping field”, “Transport and communication field”, and “Tourism services field” are more likely to generate the rate of overeducation. 2. University and college students can better on “Native language ability”, “Teamwork ability”, “Adaptation ability”, and “learning ability”. However, they are weak in “Foreign languages” skill. Female do better than male on “Foreign languages” skill, but male is better than female on the field of “Job searching and selling self ability”. National university and college students have better “Foreign languages” skill than private university and college students. Private university and college students have better “Time manage ability” than national university and college students. College students have better “Time manage ability”, “Professional knowledge and technology ability” than university students. 3. Non-onereducation students have better in all part of employability skills than overeducation students. Adding Coefficient of variation (C.V.) can find that Non-onereducation students are more outstanding in “Leading ability”, “Innovation ability”, “Foreign languages” skill, “Job searching and selling self ability”, and ” Apply professional knowledge to work ability”.