整合Linux USB驅動程式至元件化嵌入式作業系統之研究與製作

近年來，嵌入式系統的快速發展，使得嵌入式系統應用層面越來越多元化，而各種週邊設備的推陳出新，該設備的驅動程式也必須即時的被開發。但設備驅動程式的開發，往往需要耗費許多人力、時間、和資源。所以如何快速地開發嵌入式系統的驅動程式，並且避免設備驅動程式的重覆開發，是必須探討的一個課題。承襲本實驗室先前對於元件化嵌入式作業系統成功地移植驅動程式的經驗而得知，如果能使用已開發了許多設備驅動程式的Linux作業系統，做為移植設備驅動程式的程式碼來源，這樣便可以將設備驅動程式移植至嵌入式作業系統上，如此可以大幅縮短設備驅動程式開發的時間。通用序列匯流排(Universal Serial Bus，簡稱USB）是連接外部裝置的一種匯流排標準，在個人電腦上已被廣泛的使用，眾多的週邊商品皆支援USB介面，目前USB是最受歡迎的外接式匯流排標準。本論文即探討如何移植Linux USB設備驅動程式到元件化嵌入式作業系統中。在本研究中，我們採用了Linux 2.6核心的驅動程式原始碼，經由在原始碼外包裹一層Wrapper後，將其整合至元件化嵌入式作業系統 LyraOS中。本研究主要的工作包括：(一)移植USB 主控器驅動程式、USB Core、與USB鍵盤與滑鼠驅動程式到LyraOS中，(二)實作移植設備驅動程式所需要的資料結構以及功能函式於Wrapper中，(三)將移植的USB設備驅動程式整合進LyraOS的裝置管理元件LyraDD中。

關鍵字

嵌入式作業系統；設備驅動程式；移植； Linux ； USB

並列摘要

In recent years, the booming of embedded systems provides more and more applications, and the corresponding device drivers must be developed in time when numerous peripheral devices have been promoted. However, the development of device drivers needs a lot of time, human effort, and resources. How to speed up the development of device drivers of embedded systems and to avoid the duplicated development effort have become significant issues. Our previous experience of successful transplanting device drivers into component-based embedded operating systems indicates that if we take the popular Linux operating system as the source codes for transplanting device drivers into embedded operating systems, then the time of developing device drivers can be significantly shortened. Universal Serial Bus (USB) is a serial bus standard for connecting devices to a host computer. Currently, USB is the most popular serial bus standard supported by numerous peripheral products and widely used in computers. This thesis discusses how we transplant Linux USB device drivers into a component-based embedded operating system. We take the source codes of device drivers in Linux 2.6 kernel and integrate them into our component-based embedded operating system named LyraOS after making the source codes wrapped with wrappers. Our major tasks include (1) transplanting USB host controller drivers, USB Core, USB keyboard driver, and USB mouse driver into LyraOS, (2) implementing the required data structure and functions of device drivers in wrappers, and (3) integrating the transplanted USB device drivers into LyraOS’s Device Manager component named LyraDD.