農地農用管制法制之研究-以農舍興建為中心

本文旨在探討自2000年農業發展條例修正以來，農業生產用地上亂無章緒大量興建豪華「農舍」之亂象，於2016年國土計畫法以整體國土進行規劃之新的架構下，「農舍」會激盪出何種風貌。臺灣自開發以來以農墾為主要的經濟型態，農地管理政策原為「農地農有、農地農用」自2000年修正農業發展條例後，調整為「放寬農地農有、落實農地農用」，農地管理由「管地又管人」政策改變為「管地不管人」。因早期農舍係為就近照顧農業生產或因為建屋居住減輕成本，以自有農地興建農舍或因農業生產上之需如曬殼場、放置農事器具、倉儲稻谷等及畜牧家禽等和農業經營上不可分離，方便家庭成員居住及農業生產管理利用；隨著時代進步，機械取代人工，不必購置農機及設置倉儲；「農舍」已由以往扮演「生產工具」之角色逐漸轉變為純具「居住」之功能。農業發展條例修正後，農舍興建制度之管理變為複雜化，因農地取得時間點上不同，農舍之興建條件亦不同，造成管制嚴鬆之別，以致豪華「農舍」之管制失靈亂象，為因應全球氣候變遷、極端氣候現象、維持糧食安全、生態保育與經濟發展等各方面之需求， 2016年公告施行國土計畫法具體以總量方式建立國土計畫體系，透過簡單明瞭之土地使用分區劃分方式，引導土地有秩序利用，確保土地永續發展。本文認為在國土計畫法架構下，「農舍」需於國土計畫法內明確定義並確實管制，應能達成農地生活、生態、生產三生一體之成效；惟「居住功能之農舍」，是否適宜於農業發展地區，抑或應納入城鄉發展地區，此亦須進行全面的考量。

關鍵字

國土計畫法；農舍；農業發展條例；農業用地興建農舍辦法

並列摘要

The purpose of this paper is to explore the large scale of the construction of the "farmhouse" in the agricultural production land since the amendment of the Agricultural Development Ordinance in 2000. Under the new structure of the National Land Planning in 2016, "What kind of style will be stirring. Since the development of Taiwan as the main economic model since the development of agricultural land, agricultural land management policy was originally "agricultural land, farmland agriculture" since 2000 to amend the agricultural development regulations, adjusted to "relax agricultural land, the implementation of agricultural land", farmland management From the policy of "management to management" to "control of people." Due to the early farmhouse for the nearest care of agricultural production or because of housing to reduce the cost of living to their own farmland to build farmhouses or because of agricultural production, such as sun drying field, placed farm equipment, storage of rice and livestock and poultry and other agricultural operations can not To facilitate the use of family members living and agricultural production management; with the progress of the times, machinery to replace labor, do not have to purchase agricultural machinery and set up warehouses; "farmhouse" has been played by the role of "production tools" gradually changed to pure "living" Features. After the amendment to the Agricultural Development Ordinance, the management of the farmhouse construction system has become complicated. As the agricultural land acquisition time is different, the conditions for the construction of the farmhouse are different, resulting in tight control. The control of the luxury "farmhouse" In response to global climate change, extreme weather phenomena, food security, ecological conservation and economic development and other needs, the 2016 announcement of the implementation of the land plan to the specific way to establish a territorial planning system, through simple and clear land use zoning Division of the way to guide the orderly use of land to ensure the sustainable development of land. This paper argues that under the framework of the Land Planning Act, the term "farmhouse" needs to be clearly defined and controlled in the territory plan. It should be able to achieve the effectiveness of agricultural land life, ecology and production. Suitable for agricultural development areas, or should be included in the development of urban and rural areas, which also need to conduct a comprehensive consideration.