恐慌症者人際經驗之探究

本研究旨在探討恐慌症者之人際經驗，欲了解恐慌症者的人際經驗與人際互動方式，因此羅列三項研究問題，分別為：一、恐慌症者引起初次恐慌發作的可能因素為何；二、恐慌症者從小至今在人際關係中的經驗為何；三、恐慌症者在人際關係中的互動模式及衝突的因應方式為何。本研究以質性研究為研究取徑，透過深度訪談的方式，邀請七位曾被確診為恐慌症之恐慌症者參與研究，並運用螺旋分析方法來分析文本，以回應本研究的三項問題。結果分別為：一、突然的生命重大事件可能成為恐慌發作的關鍵；二、恐慌症者之人際經驗包括：母親通常承擔更多教養子女的責任，父親則是負擔家中生計而忙碌不已。在家庭氛圍上，家庭的氣氛較為壓抑，家人間的互動較為疏離、情感交流亦較少。管教方式以寬鬆放任及專制權威為主，其中專制權威又分為打罵教育、介入控制，及嚴格傳統。另外，恐慌症者於原生家庭外的人際經驗包括霸凌經驗及其他人際挫敗經驗；三、恐慌症者傾向在人際關係中維持關係的和諧，而使用壓抑討好、逃避打岔及情緒表達矛盾此三種方式進行人際互動。最後，本研究根據研究結果進行討論，並對父母或主要照顧者、恐慌症者及未來研究者提出若干建議以供參考。

關鍵字

人際經驗；人際關係；人際互動；恐慌症；恐慌發作；衝突因應方式

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to explore the interpersonal experiences of panic disorder adult and the way of interpersonal interaction of individuals with panic disorder. Therefore, this study listed three research questions : 1. What are the possible factors that cause the first panic attack in panic disorder; 2. What are the experiences of individuals with panic disorder in the interpersonal relationships since childhood; 3. What are the interaction modes of individuals with panic disorder in the interpersonal relationships and the coping strategies in the conflicts. In a way of in-depth interviews of "qualitative research", this study invite seven adults who have been diagnosed with panic disorder to participate. The text were analyzed by using the spirial model of Grounded Theory to response the three questions of this study. The results are as follows：1. Sudden life events may become the key to panic attacks; 2. Interpersonal experiences of individuals with panic disorder include: mothers usually take on more responsibility for raising children, while fathers are busy with the livelihood of the family. In the family atmosphere, the family atmosphere is more depressing, the interaction between family members is more alienated, and the emotional exchanges are also less. The methods of discipline are based on laxity and authoritarian authority. The authoritarian authority is divided into beating and scolding education, intervention control, and strict tradition. In addition, the interpersonal experiences of individuals with panic disorder outside their native family includes bullying experience and other frustration interpersonal experiences. Third, the individuals with panic disorder tend to maintain harmony in interpersonal relationships, and use three ways for interpersonal interaction: repression and placating, avoidant and interruptions, and ambivalence over emotional expression. Finally, based on the results of this study, the suggestions are provided as reference for individuals with panic disorder, parents or main caregivers, and future researchers.