油壓式阻力訓練對 心率變異性與生理反應之影響

The effects of hydraulic resistance training on heart rate variability and physiological responses in young women

簡依潔(Yi-Chieh Chien)

指導教授 ： 何仁育

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動科學研究所/碩士(2013年)

摘要

目的:探討12週油壓式阻力訓練介入，對年輕女性之心率變異性、安靜時生理反應及最大攝氧量之影響。方法:參與者為16名女性，隨機分配至實驗組 (n = 8;年齡:22.3 ± 2.2歲;身高:161.2 ± 7.6公分;體重:57.3 ± 6.4公斤) 與控制組 (n = 8;年齡:22.5 ± 2.5歲;身高:161.1 ± 4.7公分;體重:56.3 ± 4.6公斤)。所有參與者於訓練前先進行檢測身高、體重、體脂肪百分比、血壓、安靜心跳率及最大攝氧量。實驗組進行為期12週的油壓式阻力訓練，每週3次，每次訓練以8站訓練器材為一循環，共有三循環。而控制組則不接受任何規律訓練。訓練結束後，所有參與者再進行檢測，檢測項目與訓練前相同。所得數據以混合設計二因子變異數 (two-way ANOVA，組別 x 時間，α = .05) 進行統計分析。結果:12週油壓式阻力訓練的介入可顯著提升年輕女性之心率變異性指標 (p< .05):總功率 (1252.9 ± 1405.5 ms2上升至4186.6 ± 3666.1 ms2)、高頻功率 (768.5 ± 1055.7 ms2上升至1223.9 ± 1021.1 ms2)、相鄰RRI 差異的均方根 (52.8 ± 48.3ms上升至117.7 ± 58.5 ms)、相鄰RRI 大於50 毫秒的比率 (23.1 ± 26.8 % 上升至59.9 ± 22.9 %);亦能夠改善安靜時的生理反應 (p < .05):降低安靜心跳率 (66.7 ± 11.0 bpm下降至55.4 ± 9.8 bpm)、改善收縮壓 (115.5 ± 9.1 mmHg下降至96.6 ± 6.8 mmHg)及體重 (57.3 ± 6.4 kg下降至55.4 ± 6.1 kg)。另外，最大攝氧量亦會有顯著的改善 (31.0 ± 6.1 ml ∕ kg ∕ min 上升至37.8 ± 6.5 ml ∕ kg ∕ min)(p < .05)。結論:透過12週油壓式阻力訓練可能改善年輕女性之自律神經系統功能，增加副交感神經調控，進而提升心率變異性、降低安靜心跳率與收縮壓、並提升最大攝氧量，增進心肺適能。

關鍵字

心率變異性指標 ； 自律神經系統 ； 心肺適能

並列摘要

Purpose: To investigate the effects of hydraulic resistance training on heart rate variability (HRV) and physiological responses in young women. Methods: 16 female volunteers were randomly divided into two groups: The experiment group (n = 8; age: 22.3 ± 2.2 years; height: 161.2 ± 7.6 cm; weight: 57.3 ± 6.4 kg) and control group (n = 8; age: 22.5 ± 2.5 years; height: 161.1 ± 4.7 cm; weight: 56.3 ± 4.6 kg). All participants completed the test on body composition, resting blood pressure, resting heart rate and VO2max before and after the 12 weeks of hydraulic resistance training. Only the experiment group performed the hydraulic resistance training, 3 times a week, 3 sets of 8 exercise stations in each training session. Data were analyzed by the mixed design two way ANOVA (group x time, α = .05). Results: After the hydraulic resistance training, the HRV index were significantly increased in young women (p < .05): Total power (from 1252.9 ± 1405.5 ms2 to 4186.6 ± 3666.1 ms2), high frequency power (from 768.5 ± 1055.7 ms2 to 1223.9 ± 1021.1 ms2), root mean square of the differences of successive RRI (from 52.8 ± 48.3 ms to 117.7 ± 58.5 ms), and proportion of adjacent RRI > 50 ms (from 23.1 ± 26.8 % to 59.9 ± 22.9 %). The resting heart rate (from 66.7 ± 11.0 bpm to 55.4 ± 9.8 bpm), systolic pressure (from 115.5 ± 9.1 mmHg to 96.6 ± 6.8 mmHg) and body weight (from 57.3 ± 6.4 kg to 55.4 ± 6.1 kg) were significantly decreased in experiment group (p < .05). And the VO2max were significantly improved (from 31.0 ± 6.1 ml ∕ kg ∕ min to 37.8 ± 6.5 ml ∕ kg ∕ min)(p < .05). Conclusion: 12 weeks of hydraulic resistance training may improve the autonomic nervous system function by increasing the parasympathetic activity, which then improve the HRV, decrease resting heart rate and systolic blood pressure and also improve the cardiovascular fitness.

並列關鍵字

heart rate variability index ； autonomic nervous system ； cardiovascular fitness

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