國民小學學生健康檢查執行情形及其相關因素研究

A Study on Execution of Student Health Examination and Its Related factors of Elementary Schools in Taiwan

陳淑貞(Shu-Chen Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳政友

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2008年)

摘要

本研究目的旨在瞭解國民小學學生健康檢查執行情形及其相關因素，以96學年度台灣地區國民小學為母群，採分層隨機抽樣，抽取800所學校為樣本，最後得有效樣本共766所，經統計分析，發現重要結果如下：
一、國小學生健康檢查前之準備工作，執行最好的是「學校能確實於學生健康檢查前，完成身高、體重、視力檢查等相關資料，以提供健檢醫師參考」；執行最差的是「學校成立學生健康檢查相關組織成員包括校長、相關處室主管、護理人員及導師等」。學生健康檢查中執行最好的是「檢查疝氣或聽診檢查女生心音時，學校能充分重視學生隱私權，設置屏風或隔離區以避免暴露」；執行最差的是「承辦醫院檢查人員於檢查過程能針對檢查結果異常之學生提供相關建議」。學生健康檢查後之處理，執行最好的是「健康檢查複檢結果如發現學生有心臟病、氣喘、癲癇等特殊疾病時，學校能即時通知家長帶至醫療院所進行矯治與治療」；執行最差的是「學生因故未能接受健康檢查，學校會主動協助辦理補檢」。
二、國小學生健康檢查前之準備工作的有效預測變項為：校長重視程度、教師協助程度、家長配合程度、學生健康檢查相關資源之可近性、學校護理相關人員設置情形、承辦學生健康檢查者實際辦理此業務之年資、學校派員參加學生健康檢查相關研習情形及學校所在地區屬性，其中以「校長對學生健康檢查工作的重視程度」最具有解釋力。
三、國小學生健康檢查中執行狀況的有效預測變項為：校長重視程度、家長配合程度、衛生機構支援學校實施學生健康檢查情形、學生健康檢查相關資源之可近性、學校派員參加學生健康檢查相關研習情形，其中以「衛生機構支援學校實施學生健康檢查情形」最具有解釋力。
四、國小學生健康檢查後之處理情形的有效預測變項為：學校規模、校長重視程度、教師協助程度、家長配合程度、衛生機構支援學校實施學生健康檢查情形、學生健康檢查相關資源之可近性、學校護理相關人員設置情形、承辦學生健康檢查者實際辦理此業務之年資、學校派員參加學生健康檢查相關研習情形，其中以「學校護理相關人員設置情形」最具有解釋力。
五、國小學生健康檢查整體執行情形的有效預測變項為：學校規模、校長重視程度、教師協助程度、家長配合程度、衛生機構支援學校實施學生健康檢查情形、學生健康檢查相關資源之可近性、學校護理相關人員設置情形、承辦學生健康檢查者實際辦理此業務之年資、學校派員參加學生健康檢查相關研習情形，其中以「學生健康檢查相關資源之可近性」最具有解釋力。

關鍵字

國民小學 ； 學生健康檢查

並列摘要

The purposes of the study are to investigate the execution status of student health examination in elementary schools and its related factors in Taiwan. Using all of the elementary schools in 2007 academic year as population, and 800 elementary schools were selected as samples by utilizing stratified random sampling. Totally 766 available samples had been collected at last. After compiling statistic analysis , the significant findings of the study include：
1.In terms of the preparation of student health examination in elementary schools, the best performance was “schools should truly prepare the related data such as body-height, body-weight, vision as references for doctor before the examination,” on the contrary, the worst was “The establishment of student health examination organization which includes the principal, directors of divisions related with health examination, nurses, teachers, etc.” On the executing of student health examination, the best was “Setting a screen or an isolated area while checking hernia and heart sound of female students, in order to put emphasis on students’ privacy.”; the worse was “the doctor of the executed hospital should provide suggestions to students who got abnormal results while examination was taking.” After the student health examination, the best was “If there are some kinds of peculiar diseases, such as heart disease, asthma, epilepsy, etc., are found after reexamining, the parents will be informed immediately by school, and the students will be treated diorthoses and therapies in hospital by parents.”; the worst was “School will assist to arrange another health examination for students who haven’t accepted the health examination for some reasons.”
2.The impacts of the forecast events on preparation of student health examination in elementary schools were: the emphasis of principal, the assistance of teachers, parents’ cooperation, the accessibility of resources of student health examination, the allocation status of nursing related staffs in school, the executing seniorities of the staffs who are responsible to student health examination, participating courses which related to student health examination, and the attributes of school location. Of all above, the most interpretable item was “the emphasis of principal.”
3.The impacts of the forecast events on the execution of student health examination in elementary schools were: the emphasis of principal, parents’ cooperation, the status of supporting school by hygienic organizations on execution student health examination, the accessibility of resources of student health examination, participating courses which related to student health examination. Of all above, the most interpretable item was “the status of supporting school by hygienic organizations on student health examination.”
4.The impacts of the forecast events on after student health examination in elementary schools were: the scale of school, the emphasis of principal, the assistance of teachers, parents’ cooperation, the status of supporting school by hygienic organizations on student health examination, the accessibility of resources of student health examination, the allocation status of nursing related staffs in school, the executing seniorities of the staffs who are responsible to student health examination, participating courses which related to student health examination. Of all above, the most interpretable item was “the allocation status of nursing related staffs in school.”

5.The impacts of the forecast events on aggregate of student health examination in elementary school were: the scale of school, the emphasis of principal, the assistance of teachers, parents’ cooperation, the status of supporting school by hygienic organizations on student health examination, the accessibility of resources of student health examination, the allocation status of nursing related staffs in school, the executing seniorities of the staffs who are responsible to student health examination, participating courses which related to health examination. Of all above, the most interpretable item was “the accessibility of resources of student health examination.”

並列關鍵字

the elementary school ； student health examination

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