敘事取向諮商師運用敘事概念後的改變歷程

The transforming process of the narrative counselor after practicing the concepts of narrative counseling

張琦芳(Chang, chifang)

指導教授 ： 金樹人

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討敘事取向諮商師運用敘事概念後的改變歷程。研究者以三位敘事取向諮商師為訪談對象，藉由他們對其改變歷程的故事敘說，採取敘說研究法之「整體—內容」分析模式，探究敘事取向諮商師運用敘事概念後的改變歷程，並進一步瞭解研究參與者對於自身改變歷程的理解與再敘說。
研究結果發現：
一、敘事取向諮商師運用敘事概念後的改變歷程如同V的循環改變歷程：以外在的學習為起點，向內觸碰個人生命經驗，再向外化為所用
研究參與者的轉變內涵，包含以下數點：1.由「諮商師」到「全人」：在成為敘事取向諮商師的路上，成為自己；2.從理論到「人師」：遇見生命中重要的貴人，透過他們來學敘事諮商；3.諮商師角色與態度的轉變：從病理觀與權威者，走入外化觀與平等的關係；4.正向自我認同的建構歷程：從原先身陷主流的受害者，轉變為非主流的主導者；5.以「個人認同」為體，「專業認同」為用：做自己，也幫忙他人做自己；6.透過重要他人的見證與回饋，在重組會員中鞏固自我新故事的持續建構；7.由技巧到精神，再到技巧：以敘事精神為主軸，實踐出偏好的敘事風格。
二、敘事取向諮商師對自身改變歷程的理解與再敘說
可分為以下三個層次：1.見證已知：過去原已敘說之主線故事的豐厚與再確認；2.發現未知與新知：支線故事的浮現與新知的建構，創造現在的發展；3.指引未來：以現下的見證與發現作為支點，舉起未來的方向。
最後，提出本研究的限制及具體建議，以做為未來研究之參考。

關鍵字

敘事諮商 ； 生命經驗 ； 諮商師 ； 改變歷程

並列摘要

The purpose of this study aims at understanding the transforming process of the narrative counselor after practicing the concepts of narrative counseling. The study adopts the holistic-content method of narrative research. The researcher has interviewed three narrative counselors. By analyzing their stories told by themselves, the researcher looks into the effects that the narrative counseling has on them, and furthermore, tries to understand how they interpret and re-narrative those changes happening to them.
Several findings according to the data analysis are as follows:
1.The transforming process of the narrative counselor after practicing the concepts of narrative counseling is similar to our writing of letter “V”: This process starts from the counselor’s “learning from the outside”, then gradually he/she turns inwards to his/her personal life experience, finally he/she merges the two to create a new way to interact with the world. The transformation contents of the three narrators are as follows:
(1)The change from a “counselor” to a “complete person”: to find one’s self on the journey towards becoming a narrative counselor.
(2)The change from “learning from theory” to “learning from people”: to gain new insights of narrative counseling through the help of one’s important others.
(3)The transformation of the counselor’s role and attitude: from an authority to a listener who respects and appreciates his/her clients effort in dealing his/her own problems; from a pathological point of view to a problem-externalizing one.
(4)The construction process of the positive self-identity: from a victim in dominant problem-saturated stories to a master in alternative stories.
(5)The development of “personal identity” and its extension as “professional identity”: to be one’s self, and to help others be themselves.
(6)The witness provided by the feedback from important others and client help to sustain the re-writing process of one’s own story.
(7)The shift of focus from skills to values and the development of new skills based on these values: a counselor can develop his/her own counseling styles according to his/her preferences with the values of narrative counseling in mind.
2.The interpretation and re-narrating of a narrative counselor’s transforming process by him/herself can be divided into three layers: (1) To prove the already known: the elaboration and reconfirmation of the dominant stories that have been told. (2) To discover the unknown: the emergence of alternative stories and the construct of new knowledge help to develop the present. (3) Pointing to the future: to shed light on future directions based on current witness and discoveries.

In the end, the restrictions and the advices for this study are provided for further research.

並列關鍵字

Narrative counseling ； Life experiences ； Counselor ； Transforming process

參考文獻

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