中華職棒球員報紙新聞照片之分析─以2008年自由時報為例

A content analysis of CPBL’s players photo coverage in the Liberty Times

高于婷(Kao Yu-Ting)

指導教授 ： 施致平

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2009年)

摘要

本研究目的為瞭解自由時報刊載中華職棒球員新聞照片呈現之內容及隱含意義，透過內容分析法，歸納出球員照片主要內容，繼以符號學為文本分析的理論基礎，深入瞭解球員新聞照片呈現之隱含意義。本研究之時間範圍從2008年3月16日至2008年10月11日例行賽結束之隔天，計有816張照片，研究發現如下：
ㄧ、自由時報在報導中華職棒球員時，最喜歡呈現球員專注於比賽的神情(51.7%)、比賽中之攻守雙方(13.7%)及球員們擊掌慶賀互相鼓勵(8%)之情境。最常被刊載的主角是，比賽當中有優異表現之投手及打擊者，此外，贏得勝利之球隊(48.3%)，亦有較高的媒體曝光率。
二、球員新聞照片當中蘊藏著許多意義，從照片的取景方式分析，球員照片多以「中景」的方式呈現，其隱含意義在表現出球員投球、打擊時的力與美，或球員與其他人互動之情形（與球員、教練、裁判或球迷）。
三、從照片主題分析，贏球者相互擁抱、輸球者黯然離場，來強調勝利的價值；運用球員專注神情或擊掌等照片，來強調球員個人的表現，符合傳統運動場上勝者為王、崇拜英雄的印象；透過攻守之間對立的角色，表現出運動的真實感及不可預期性。最後，藉由球員參與活動之照片，讓人看到球員不同於球場上的一面，亦能達到宣傳活動、關注球員動態之目的。

關鍵字

中華職棒 ； 新聞照片 ； 符號學

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand the contents and metaphorical meanings of photo coverage on CPBL players in the Liberty Times. Content analysis method was adopted to analyze the players’ photos and semiology was used as theory base of text analysis in order to explore metaphorical meanings of players photos. The time span of this research was from March 16, 2008 till October 11, 2008 and 816 photos were collected. The results were as follows:
1. Most of the Liberty Times photo coverage on players focused on their emotional expressions during the game (51.7%), offensive and defensive in competition (13.7%) and players’ applause to encourage each other (8%). The pitchers and batters who had excellent performance were published more usual. Besides, the victory team (48.3%) had higher degree of media exposure.
2. Players photo coverage carried lots of metaphorical meanings. The results of framing analysis showed that most of the players’ photo coverage camera angles which being used were medium shot to portray the energetic and esthetic of players throwing balls and battings, as well as their interaction with others.
3. An analysis of photos themes showed that photos on winners were hugging each other and losers were leaving the field emphasized the value of the victory. Using photos of players’ focusing emotions and applause emphasized players’ performances. The confronting role of offensive and defensive performed the reality and unpredictability of games. Finally, pictures of players on participating activities providing fans to see the different dimensions of players, in order to promote the activities, as well as paying more attentions to the players.

並列關鍵字

CPBL ； photo coverage ； semiology

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