城鄉高中職學生參與休閒活動及阻礙因素之研究

A Study of Barriers and Status quo for the Teenagers’ in Cities and Countries Participating in Leisure Activities

陳肇華(Jaw-Hua Chen)

指導教授 ： 王宗吉

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/運動與休閒管理研究所在職碩士班/碩士(2010年)

摘要

城鄉高中職學生參與休閒活動及阻礙因素之研究

完成年月：2009年6月
研 究 生：陳肇華
指導教授：王宗吉

中文摘要
本研究主要的目的在了解並探討城鄉高中職學生參與休閒活動及休閒阻礙因素之研究，並探討不同背景變項在休閒活動參與及阻礙因素之差異情形。
本研究採用問卷調查法進行資料之蒐集，以就讀高中職校的學生為研究對象，研究工具為自編之「城鄉高中職學生參與休閒活動的阻礙因素調查問卷」，問卷分為三個部分，第一部分為「休閒活動參與情形量表」，第二部分為「休閒阻礙量表」，第三部分為「個人基本資料」。
本研究之問卷設計，採用李克特（Likert）五點量表方式，城市及鄉村之高中職學校採叢集抽樣法各抽出6所學校，再分別以各校各年級之學生數採分層隨機抽樣實施問卷調查，發出問卷500份，回收有效問卷466份，有效回收率達89.2%。問卷回收後分別以次數分配及百分比、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t考驗（t-test）及單因子變異數分析（one-way ANOVA）、積差相關考驗等進行統計。
從研究中了解城鄉高中職學生參與休閒活動及休閒阻礙的相關因素，摘述如下：參與休閒活動依序為「娛樂類」、「消遣類」、「社交類」、「藝文類」、「運動類」、「技藝類」，休閒阻礙因素由高至低依序分別為「結構性阻礙」、「人際間阻礙」、「個體內在阻礙」。
本研究結論提供以下單位及家長參考運用：
一、行政有關單位：於城鄉發展不同的地區規劃休閒場所設施時，能考量不同地區之需求，妥善運用有限的資源，加強學生的休閒教育、提供適當的場地及器材、辦理各項休閒活動。
二、在家庭及父母方面：透過家長的參與，建立子女正確的休閒觀念；從提升休閒教育及改善高職學生休閒環境與品質做起，增進休閒品質，減少城鄉高職學生參與休閒活動的差距。

關鍵詞：城鄉、休閒活動、休閒阻礙

關鍵字

城鄉 ； 休閒活動 ； 休閒阻礙

並列摘要

A Study of Barriers and Status quo for the Teenagers’ in Cities and Countries Participating in Leisure Activities

Date: June, 2009
Student: Jaw-Hua Chen
Adviser: Chun-Chi Wang

ABSTRACT

The major purpose of this research is to understand and discuss participation status quo and blocking factor in leisure activities between cities and countries teenagers.

Furthermore, the difference of different backgrounds on participation and blocking factors in leisure activities was also discussed. According to current educational policy in Taiwan, Teenagers left competitive environment in junior high schools and released a lot of pressure suddenly when they enter senior high school through variety entrance system. Senior high school is the very important phase for developing teenagers’ characters.

Questionnaires survey was used to gather material in this research; the teenage students living in city and Country areas as the subjects. We developed the questionnaire, and named“The Investigation on the Participation Condition and the Barrier Factors of leisure activities among the teenager students,”as a tool. The questionnaire was divided into three sections, the first section queries the present condition of the teenage students’ involvement in leisure activities according to relative theories and divide it into two types: static state and movement state. The second section is about blocking factors in leisure activities which was based on previous research literatures and questionnaire. The third section is the basic information of subjects.

The design of the questionnaires was based relative theories and researches, and Likert Scale was used. Pre-test was given in order to correspond with Expert Validity.

The subjects were chosen based on cluster sampling, 6 schools were picked from vocational and senior high schools in cities and countries. Stratified random sampling was given to each grades. Among total of 500 questionnaires issued, there are 466 valid, consisting of 89.2%.of returning rate.

The blocking factors in participating leisure activities of teenage students in cities and countries in this study are as following:The situation of the participation in leisure activities:The categories of the leisure activities in turn were: “entertainment”, “recreation”, “social contact”, “art”, “sports”, and “skills”,The blocking factors of leisure activities in order were: “constructional”, “interpersonal “, and “individuals” factors.

The conclusion of this study provides three suggestions:
1. The government or related bureaus should consider the different needs for different areas, such as cities and countries, while planning leisure sites and facilities in order to make limited resources to it maximum value.

2. The schools should consider reinforcing students’ leisure education, providing proper fields and equipments for students, and holding variety leisure programs in school frequently and The families should build up correct leisure concepts on children through parents’ participation by promoting leisure education, improving leisure environment, promoting leisure quality, and then decreasing the gap in participating leisure activities between cities and countries.

Key words:city and country, leisure activity, leisure barrier

並列關鍵字

city and country ； leisure activity ； leisure barrier

參考文獻

中華民國體育學會（2000）。休閒活動專書。臺北市：中華民國體育學會。

王梅香（2003）。臺北市青少年休閒動機與休閒參與之研究。北體學報，11，203-216。

高永光（2000）。城鄉差距與地方派系影響力之研究：1998年臺北縣縣議員與鄉鎮市長選舉的個案分析，選舉研究，55-86。

張孝銘、高俊雄（2001）：休閒需求與休閒阻礙間之相關研究－以彰化市居民 為實證。體育學報，30輯，143-152頁。

陳文喜（1999）。政府推展老人休閒活動的預期效益分析。大專體育，44，127-133。