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  • 學位論文

現代漢語「至於」與英文對應詞項與教學應用:兼論「不至於」之研究

A Contrastive Analysis of “Zhiyu” in Mandarin Chinese and Its Counterparts in English with Pedagogical Implications: concurrently discuss “Buzhiyu”

指導教授 : 陳俊光
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摘要


「至於」在現代漢語中屬於功能詞(function words),也是在篇章層面表示話題標記(topic marker)。本文根據Halliday(1985,1994,2004)的三大語言純理功能為主要架構,透過文獻與自行建置的漢英和英漢平行語料庫分析探討漢語「至於」的篇章功能,兼論「不至於」的篇章功能及語用功能,並且透過語料庫分析,以利了解漢語「至於」的英文相應形式。   現代漢語「至於」普遍的看法都將之畫分在介詞的語法範疇之下,但筆者認為並非如此。就「至於」在上下文中所連結的情形來看,筆者將其定義為延展類連結詞,又可分為三小次類,包括:正添加、負添加以及逆添加。此外,筆者觀察到「不至於」的使用頻率也相當高,而本文將之定為情態句副詞,因此也針對「不至於」的篇章功能及語用功能進行了一番論證,進而提出本文的論點。   從歷時語言的演變歷程來看,現代漢語中的「至於」已從古代用法中的實詞義「到、達」經過語法化的過程虛化了,已經不具有實詞意。一般而言,主要在篇章中發揮其功用,除了表示引進對比話題之外,另外還有重引話題、進階論述及整體部分之功能。   再者,根據漢英對比語料庫分析,印證了筆者的研究假設,得到了漢語「至於」的英文對應形式以 “as for”為主,並非因為在句法位置相同,而是兩者的篇章功能類似,都有標記話題的作用。 本文最後嘗試將研究成果應用於華語教學中,建議適當的教學順序,期望得到最佳的教學效果。

並列摘要


This study focuses on the topic marker “Zhiyu” in modern Mandarin and its counterparts in English. Using Halliday’s metafunctions (1985,1994,2004)as framework, it aims to analyze the discourse functions of “Zhiyu” and English “as for”, based on the database collected from magazines and novels, which are written in Chinese and translated to English and those that are written in English and translated to Chinese. Apart from these, this study also tries to analyze the discourse and pragmatic functions of “Buzhiyu”. Most of the previous studies categorize “Zhiyu” as a preposition. However; we define it as an extension connective, which can be sub-categorized into positive addition, negative addition and adversative addition connective. Besides, we also analyze the discourse and pragmatic functions of “Buzhiyu”, which is categorized as a modality adverbial in our study. Judging from the diachronic evolvement of “Zhiyu”, it has been grammatically bleached and has no lexical meaning in modern Mandarin. Based on what we discovered from our database, “Zhiyu” has four discourse functions, including introducing contrastive topic, reintroduction of topic, further elaboration and part-whole. Furthermore, thought analysis of the database, we proved that “as for” correspond to “Zhiyu” in Mandarin, not only because of their sentential position, but because of their similar functions. Like “Zhiyu” in Mandarin, “as for” is topic marker which indicates the topic in a complex sentence. Finally, based on the result of the contrastive analysis, suggestions about Chinese language pedagogy are provided to help learners learn “Zhiyu” in Mandarin better.

參考文獻


陳俊光(2007a)。漢語三個特殊結構的功能探討。2007年台灣華語文教學年會暨研討會集,327-348。
江庭宜(2009)。漢語「說」類引導碼之分類和語用功能分析。台北:國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。
林慧敏(2009)。漢語副詞「卻」與「倒」之語義、篇章、語用對比及其教學初探。臺北:國立臺灣師範大學碩士論文,未出版。
洪慎杏(2008)。現代漢語複句分類與關聯詞語教學-以「而」為例。台北:國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。
栗原祐美(2005)。中日話題的對比分析以及教學語法初探。台北:國立臺灣師範大學華語文教學研究所碩士論文。

被引用紀錄


張玲瑛(2012)。應用共現詞於多義句末助詞「吧」與「呢」的語義分析及教學語法〔博士論文,國立臺灣師範大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0021-1610201315264084

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