臺北市某私立高職學生自尊與物質濫用行為相關性研究

Related researches on self-esteem and substance abuse of students in a private vocational school in Taipei City

王美霞(Mei-Hsia Wang)

指導教授 ： 胡益進

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/健康促進與衛生教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2011年)

摘要

本論文旨在探討臺北市某私立高職學生自尊與物質濫用行為之相關性。研究對象為99學年度第2學期臺北市某私立高職學生，高一至高三各3班，獲得有效樣本310名學生。研究工具為結構式問卷，以班級集體自填問卷方式蒐集資料。所得資料以t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森績差相關分析及多元迴歸分析等方法進行統計分析。本研究結果如下：
一、 受測學生曾吸菸學生有134人(46.5％)；曾經吸菸的學生中有67人(21.6％)天天吸菸；曾經喝酒有209人(66.2％)，在喝酒人數中有8人(2.6％)天天喝酒；曾經使用成癮藥物35人(11.3％)，其中K他命使用最多，有28人(9％)，其次為安非它命，有10人(3.2％)，研究對象曾經使用2種以上之成癮藥物者為16人占曾經使用藥物者46％。
二、 研究對象的自尊中間偏負向，整體自尊題平均值為3.44分、學業自尊題平均值3.35分、身體自尊題平均值3.42分及家庭自尊題平均值3.40分（低於中間值3.5分）呈現中間偏負向，而社會自尊題平均值3.65分則呈現中間偏正向。
三、 研究對象的社會人口學變項與自尊之關係，依單因子變異數分析結果顯示，女生、三年級、學業成就前1/3及家庭結構完整者整體自尊較高；女生、學業成就前1/3及家庭結構不完整者學業自尊較高；男生、三年級、學業成就前1/3及父親職業是專業人員者身體自尊較高，母親教育程度為國中以下者，身體自尊較低；女生、三年級、學業成就前1/3及家庭結構完整者及父、母職業為專業人員者社會自尊較高；三年級、學業成就前1/3及家庭結構完整者家庭自尊較高。
四、 研究對象的社會人口學變項與成癮物質使用行為之關係，依單因子變異數分析結果顯示，男生及學業成就後1/3者吸菸行為較多；男生及二年級飲酒行為較多；男生、二年級、學業成就後1/3、家庭結構不完整及父親教育程度為高中職者成癮藥物使用行為較多。
五、 研究對象的物質濫用行與自尊之相關性，依皮爾森績差相關分析結果顯示，研究對象的吸菸行為與整體自尊、學業自尊及家庭自尊呈現負相關；飲酒行為與整體自尊、學業自尊、身體自尊及家庭自尊呈現負相關；成癮藥物使用行為與整體自尊、學業自尊、社會自尊及家庭自尊呈現負相關。
六、 社會人口學變項對自尊的預測情形，依多元迴歸分析結果顯示，對整體自尊的解釋力為14.3%，年級、學業成就為預測整體自尊的顯著變項；對學業自尊的解釋力為20%，年級、學業成就及父親職業為預測學業自尊的顯著變項；對身體自尊的解釋力為10.3%，性別、年級為預測身體自尊的顯著變項；對社會自尊的解釋力為12.5%，年級、學業成就及父親職業為預測社會自尊的顯著變項；對家庭自尊的解釋力為12.8%，年級、學業成就為預測家庭自尊的顯著變項。
七、 社會人口學變項及自尊對物質濫用行為的預測情形，依多元迴歸分析結果顯示，對吸菸行為的解釋力為12.8%，性別、家庭結構、學業自尊及社會自尊為預測吸菸行為的顯著變項；對飲酒行為的解釋力為27.6%，年級、家庭結構、母親教育程度、學業自尊及社會自尊為預測飲酒行為的顯著變項；對成癮藥物使用行為的解釋力14.1%，家庭自尊為預測成癮藥物使用行為的顯著變項。
根據本研究結果，提出教育及研究上之建議，以提供學校實施預防物質濫用之參考，降低青少年使用成癮物質之危害。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 高職學生 ； 自尊 ； 物質濫用行為

並列摘要

This study was mainly to research on the correlation between self-esteem and substance abuse behavior for students of a certain private vocational high school in Taipei City. The research participants were the students that were random selected from 3 classes of each grade in a certain private vocational high school in Taipei City at the 2nd semester of School Year 2010. The effective samples were 310 students. The research tool was the structured questionnaire which will be filled by each class collectively. Then, the collected data used these following methods, such as the t-Test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation Analysis and Multiple Regression Analysis, to conduct the statistical analysis. The research result was as follows:
1.Among those tested students, 134 students had smoking experience (46.5％), and 67 students (21.6％) smoked every day; 209 students had drinking experience (66.2％), and 8 students (2.6％) drank every day; 35 students (11.3％) had the experience of taking addictive drugs. Twenty eight students (9％) had the experience of taking Ketamine which was the most popular addictive drug; Amphetamine was the next with 10 students (3.2％). In addition, among the research participants, there were 16 students who had the experience of taking more than 2 types of addictive drugs, which accounted for 46％ of those whom took addictive drugs.
2.Self-esteem of the research participants tended to be negative: the total average score of self-esteem was 3.44; the average score of academic self-esteem was 3.35; the average score of physical self-esteem was 3.42 and the average score of family self-esteem was 3.40 (lower than standard deviation 3.5) which tended to be negative; while the average score of social self-esteem was 3.65 which tended to be positive.
3.The relationship between society demography and self-esteem , by One-way ANOVA analysis showed that among the research participants: girls; 12 graders; the top one-third (1/3) academic achievement and complete family structure had higher score in the category of overall self-esteem; girls, the top one-third (1/3) academic achievement and incomplete family structure had higher score in the category of academic self-esteem; boys, 12 graders, the top one-third (1/3) academic achievement and whose father is a professional had higher score in the category of physical self-esteem; however, whose mother has education background under junior high school, then they had lower score in the category of physical self-esteem; 12 graders, girls, the top one-third (1/3) academic achievement and complete family structure, and whose parents are professionals had higher score in the category of social self-esteem; and Grade 12 students, the top one-third (1/3) academic achievement and complete family structure had higher score in the category of family self-esteem.
4.The relationship between society demography and addictive drug use, by One-way ANOVA analysis showed among the research participants , boys and the bottom one-third (1/3) academic achievement were the majority with having the smoking behavior; boys and 11 graders were the majority with having drinking behavior; boys, 11 graders, the bottom one-third (1/3) academic achievement and incomplete family structure, and whose father’s education background is vocational high school or high school had more behaviors of taking addictive drugs.
5.The correlation between substance abuse behavior and self-esteem by Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation Analysis showed research participant’s smoking behavior and the overall self-esteem, academic self-esteem and family self-esteem showed a negative correlation; as well as a negative correlation between the drinking behavior and the overall self-esteem, academic self-esteem, physical self-esteem and family self-esteem; in addition, addictive drugs taking behavior and the overall self-esteem, academic self-esteem, social self-esteem and family self-esteem also showed a negative correlation.
6.The prediction of society demography to self-esteem, by Multiple Regression Analysis showed that the explanation for the total average self-esteem was 14.3%; participant’s grade, academic achievement were the variables to the prediction of the total average self-esteem; the explanation for the academic self-esteem was 20%: participant’s grade, academic achievement and father’s occupation were the significant variables to the prediction of the academic self-esteem; the explanation for the physical self-esteem was 10.3%: gender and participant’s grade were the significant variables to the prediction of physical self-esteem; the explanation for the social self-esteem was 12.5%: participant’s grade, academic achievement and father’s occupation were the significant variables to the prediction of social self-esteem; the explanation for the family self-esteem was 12.8%; participant’s grade and academic achievement were the significant variables to the prediction of the family self-esteem.
7.The prediction of society demography and self-esteem to substance abuse behavior by Multiple Regression Analysis showed that the explanation for the smoking behavior was 12.8%; gender, family structure, academic self-esteem and social self-esteem were the significant variables to the prediction of smoking behavior; the explanation for the drinking behavior was 27.6%; participant’s grade, family structure, mother’s education, academic self-esteem and social self-esteem were the significant variables to the prediction of the drinking behavior; the explanation for the addictive drug use was 14.4%; family self-esteem was the significant variables to the prediction of the addictive drug use.

In accordance with the research result, the researcher proposes some education and research suggestions as the reference to schools with implementing the prevention of the substance abuse, and reducing the harm of taking addictive substance for adolescent.

並列關鍵字

adolescent ； vocational high school students ； self-esteem ； substance abuse behavior

參考文獻

行政院衛生署食品藥物管理局（2011）。2011年6月18日。

宋鴻樟、陳秋瑩（2005）。正視物質濫用。臺灣衛誌，24（3），192-196。

李景美、張鳳琴、賴香如、李碧霞、陳昭雯（2002）。臺北縣市高職一年級學生成癮物質濫用之危險與保護因子研究。衛生教育學報，17，73-88。

李璧伊、王建楠(2006)。談青少年物質濫用。基層醫學，21(11)，312-317。

周思源、李玫姿、梁文敏、張麗惠、賴璟賢、朱日橋、郭憲文（2006a）。臺灣地區在學青少年藥物使用行為與家庭型態特性之相關性。中臺灣藥物期刊，11（4），243-251。