石油工業廢觸媒對砂漿材料性質之影響

古凡峰(ku fan feng)

指導教授 ： 許貫中

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/化學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

摘要
本研究是針對中油公司煉油過程中產生廢觸媒的資源化利用，因為每天中油廢觸媒卸出量為2公噸，且往常都用掩埋的方法處理，所以對環境而言是一大的負擔。
資源化利用的方向是添加在混凝土裡，因為廢觸媒的主要成分為Al2O3和SiO2，而其成分比例和有波索蘭效果的高嶺土相似， 所以可以應用X光粉末繞射分析(XRD)和固態NMR儀器來探討廢觸媒是否有波索蘭反應，接著由水化熱和初、終凝的凝結時間、抗壓強度和壓汞測孔儀(MIP)的壓汞孔隙率來研究添得觸媒對水泥漿體的材料性質的影響。
研究結果顯示觸媒在水泥漿體裡會進行波索蘭反應，且其效果比矽灰來得好，因為用XRD和固態NMR儀器實驗分析得知觸媒的波索蘭反應時間比矽灰快，故對水泥漿體的抗壓強度和緻密性有比較正面性的幫助。觸媒的顆粒小且反應活性大，所以當添加在砂漿時會消耗大量的水，造成砂漿流動性變差， 故要提高水膠比和強塑劑的量來增加砂漿的流動性。但因觸媒的添加，砂漿黏度會比較大，使得砂和水泥漿體不會有析離現象出現，故砂漿流動和分布會比較均勻。
初、終凝的時間會因添加觸媒在水泥漿體而縮短，其原因是觸媒會加速水泥的水化反應，使得水泥漿體很快就由可塑性變成硬固性。因此，廢觸媒可以應用在因要早點拆模而需要凝結時間較短且抗壓強度較大的混凝土工程上。

關鍵字

廢觸媒 ； 波索蘭反應 ； 資源化

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
This study is aimed at the way to take advantage of spent catalyst produced in the process of oil-refining in Chinese Petroleum Corp. Since the capacity of spent catalyst from Chinese Petroleum Corp is 2 metric tons every day, and that it used to be buried becomes an encumbrance to our environments.
The way to take advantage of spent catalyst is to add spent catalyst to concrete. Because the main components of spent catalyst are Al2O3 and SiO2, and it is similar to the components and proportions of kaolin having Pozzolanic reaction, and then we can use powder X-ray (XRD) and solid NMR instruments to probe into if spent catalyst has Pozzolanic reaction. After that, we use hydration heat, the setting time of initial setting and final setting, compressive strength, and mercury intrusion porosimetry of MIP to analyze the effect of adding catalyst to cement pastes.
The result of this study shows catalyst proceeds Pozzolanic reaction in cement paste, and the effect is better than silica fume. By using XRD and solid NMR instruments to analyze, we get the Pozzolanic reaction of catalyst is faster than the one of silica fume and is positive to compressive strength and density the microstructures of cement paste. Pellets of catalyst are small and have big active reaction, so it will waste much water when added to mortars, and that makes the fluid of mortars become worse.
In order to raise the fluid of mortars, we add more W/B and SP. The viscosity of mortars increases by adding catalyst, that makes sands and cement paste have no segregation, and the fluid and distribution of mortars will be more even.
The time of initial setting and final setting will be shorter by adding catalyst to cement paste because catalyst speeds up the hydration reaction of cement and makes cement paste hard from plasticity soon. So, spent catalyst can be applied in concrete that needs shorter setting time and larger compressive strength to remove forms earlier.

並列關鍵字

spent catalyst ； Pozzolanic reaction ； take advantage