紅外線成像儀實測石化廠 揮發性有機物之研究

Field Inspection on the Leaking of Volatile Organic Compounds in Petrochemical Plants

鍾明志(Ming-chih Chung)

指導教授 ： 李崇德

國立中央大學/工學院/環境工程研究所碩士在職專班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

摘 要
石化業為我國重要基礎產業，其產品與我們日常生活習習相關，但在生產製程有些設備或元件卻會逸散揮發性有機物，對人體及環境造成危害。傳統上，石化業者對於揮發性有機物洩漏檢測管理，多是採用公告的檢測方法進行(如火焰離子化偵測器)，然而，以火焰離子化偵檢器測漏時，人員需近距離接觸設備元件，不僅增加人員健康風險，且檢測過程需耗費較多時間，尤其是對於位於高處的難以檢測設備和元件，更有檢測及管理困難的缺點。
研究結果顯示測得元件型式洩漏率前三名，分別為「取樣連接系統」(S) (2.2%)、「壓縮機」(C) (1.9%) 及「釋壓閥」(R) (0.8%)；依檢測元件數目來看，則是以「法蘭」(F) 及「其他連接頭」(N)為最高。彙整五廠洩漏元件資料，每日檢測發現「洩漏1點」的比率最高，共出現131次，佔總檢出洩漏次數的37.0%。一般元件和難檢測元件洩漏數量分別為總洩漏元件數的96.2%及3.8%，但在偵測出的洩漏元件中，難檢測元件所佔的比例竟高達20.9%。元件洩漏後進行修復所需日數，以「3~15日」的比例最普遍。
紅外線成像儀相較傳統檢測方法能更快速執行大量檢測、對洩漏點具有可視化功能、且對不易靠近的位置可輕易測得。

關鍵字

石化廠 ； 揮發性有機物 ； 設備元件 ； 紅外線成像儀 ； 洩漏偵測

並列摘要

Abstract
The petrochemical industry is one of Taiwan's most important industrial sectors and its manufacturing products are very closely associated with our daily lives. However, certain equipment or parts of the manufacturing process may occasionally leak trace quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which may cause health hazards and endanger the environment. Conventionally, petrochemical industries employed measuring methods promulgated officially for detecting and controlling for VOCs leakages (such as flame ionization detector, or FID). However, persons use FID to detect leakages need to come close to the equipment and parts. Such operation not only increases health risks for the said person but also proves to be time consuming. To make the matter worse, the elevated equipment or parts are intrinsically hard to detect and thus carry drawbacks of detecting and management difficulties.
The results show that the three parts most vulnerable in leaking rate are “Sampling connecting system” (2.2%), “Compressor” (1.9%), and “Release valve” (0.8%), respectively. In contrast, “Flange” (F) and “Other connecting joints” (N) are the two parts most vulnerable in leaking in terms of inspection frequency. To summarize the leaking information in five plants, “one leaking spot” in a day detected most frequently with a total of 131 spots (days), which holds 37.0% of total. The leaking ratios of each to total parts (across all parts) in ordinary and hard detected parts are 96.2 and 3.8%, respectively; however, that of hard detected part to its total can reach as high as 20.9% . The repaired duration of “three to fifteen days” is most common for leaking parts.
In contrast to conventional method, Infrared (IR) thermography is with the merits of faster detection with higher throughputs, visualization on leaking spot, and easy detection on hard accessible locations.

並列關鍵字

Petrochemical plants ； Volatile organic compound ； Equipment and parts ； IR thermography ； Leaking detection

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