自閉症兒童非慣例性口語行為溝通功能之研究

A study of the communicative function of unconventional verbal behavior of children with autism

林迺超(Nai-Chao Lin)

指導教授 ： 張正芬

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/特殊教育學系/碩士(2000年)

摘要

本研究主要透過功能評量探討自閉症兒童非慣例性口語行為及溝通功能和語言能力之間的關係。
研究對象為12名就讀台北縣市國小自閉症兒童，具有主動溝通的口語行為，並有仿說、隱喻式語言及不停問問題等其中一種以上的非慣例性溝通方式。藉由畢保德圖畫詞彙測驗標準分數70分做為高低組分組的標準，將生理年齡相近者配為一對，共計六對。
本研究結果顯示：
一、非慣例性口語行為的主要溝通功能方面
仿說主要為維持互動及肯定等功能；隱喻式語言為要求物品、要求活
動、抗議拒絕、放聲思考和要求允許等功能；不停問問題主要為尋求
注意、要求訊息和表達情緒等溝通功能。
二、非慣例性口語行為及語言能力的關係方面
語言能力高組兒童出現仿說的次數少於低組兒童，且達顯著差異。但
兩組兒童在隱喻式語言及不停問問題的出現次數方面卻沒有達到顯著
差異。
三、非慣例性口語行為溝通功能及語言能力的關係方面
兩組兒童非慣例性口語行為的規範行為及社會互動溝通功能並沒有顯
著差異，但在共同注意力及表達情緒溝通功能方面高組顯著多於低組
自閉症兒童。
四、高組自閉症兒童一般口語及非慣例性口語行為的出現次數均較低組
多，但兩者並未達顯著差異。此外，自閉症兒童的非慣例性口語行為
若以不停問問題為主，則其口語表達的平均句長較以其他非慣例性口
語行為類型的自閉症兒童佳。
五、自閉症兒童非慣例性口語行為的溝通功能同樣呈現出一連續發展的歷
程，且彼此之間互有獨立與重疊的部分；整體溝通功能會隨仿說、隱
喻式語言、及不停問問題等非慣例性口語行為溝通類型的出現而反應
出由低階至高階的發展，因此，本研究的三種非慣例性口語行為或可
做為自閉症兒童語言發展的指標。

關鍵字

自閉症兒童 ； 非慣例性口語行為 ； 溝通功能 ； 功能評量

並列摘要

The main purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships among unconventional verbal behavior (UVB), communicative function and verbal IQ in children with autism by functional analysis.
Twelve children with autism served as subjects, and were paired with each other according to their verbal IQ and chronological age. All participants were able to communicate activity and at least one of the following UVB activities; immediate echolalia, metaphorical language, and repetitive questioning.
The main findings of this study were stated as the followings:
1. The main communicative function of UVB:
The main communicative function of immediate echolalia was
turn-taking and Yes-answer; metaphorical language was used
when requesting object, requesting action, protesting, self-
directive, and requesting permission; repetitive questioning
was used when calling, requesting information, and
exclamatory.
2. The relation between verbal IQ and UVB:
The number of immediate echolalia in autistic children with
high verbal IQ was significant fewer than their counterparts
with low verbal IQ, but there were no significant difference
in numbers of metaphorical language and repetitive
questioning between the two groups.
3.The relation between verbal IQ and the communicative
function of UVB:
The numbers of behavioral regulation and social interaction
in autistic children with high verbal IQ had no significant
difference with their low verbal IQ counterparts, but
children with higher verbal IQ were significant better on
joint attention and exclamatory.
4. The number of normal utterance and UVB in autistic children
with high verbal IQ was more than low verbal IQ subjects,
but there were no significant difference. In addition, if
the main UVB of an autistic child was repetitive
questioning, his main utterance length of oral expression
would be better than subjects with other kinds of UVB.
5. The communicative function of UVB in autistic children in
this study showed a continual, overlapped developmental
pattern. Communicative function as a whole develops from the
lower level of immediate echolalia, metaphorical language,
to the higher level of repetitive questioning. So, three
types of the UVB in this study may be a indicator of
utterance development of autistic children .

並列關鍵字

autism ； unconventional verbal behavior ； communicative function ； functional analysis

參考文獻

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