The main purposes of this thesis are to analyze the author’s understanding barriers in translating Dr. Richard Jenkins’s Social Identity and to evaluate the gain and loss of the translating and editing processes. This thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter states the motive for and the structure of this thesis. The second chapter gives a brief introduction to Richard Jenkins and the summary of Social Identity. In the third chapter, the author begins with analyzing the types and causes of understanding barriers in the translating process based on Michael Miching Liu’s understanding theory. Then, according to the related strategies suggested by Dr. Liu, the author not only sorts out the problems systemically but demonstrates the approaches to each problem as well. The author finds the understanding theory proposed by Dr Liu useful in analyzing and overcoming translators’ understanding barriers. The fifth chapter gives an overall reflection on the translation task and lists the suggestions given by the publisher's reader, the professional translators and several prearranged readers. The findings of this research, which are expected to be the foundation for further studies in the field of understanding theory, are summed up in the last chapter,