台北縣國民中學學生家長會運作與學校效能關係之研究

Research On The Operation Of P.T.A. Correlated With School Efficacy In Junior High In Taipei County

黃棋楓(CHI--FENG HUANG)

指導教授 ： 吳清基博士

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2004年)

摘要

本研究旨在瞭解台北縣國民中學學生家長會運作及學校效能之現況，進一步分析探討學生家長會運作與學校效能的相關情形。
　　採用問卷調查法，以台北縣國民中學學校兼職行政教師、導師、專任教師及學生家長為主要的研究對象。分層叢集隨機取樣 ( stratified cluster random sampling ) 抽取40所國中學校，其中教師樣本458人、學生家長樣本460人。
調查問卷所得資料先行應用SPSS for Windows 10.0套裝軟體程式，依研究目的與待答問題，就可量化的資料進行統計，且以單因子變異數分析，考驗不同背景變項下的差異情形，並以Scheffe Method進行事後多重比較，考驗各組間差異之顯著性，另以Pearson積差相關瞭解學生家長會運作與學校效能層面間的相關情形。
　　根據研究結果的分析與討論，本研究獲得以下結論：
壹、有關學生家長會運作方面
一、台北縣國民中學學生家長會運作相當正常且普遍受到肯定，惟一般家長會員的知覺仍有偏低的現象。
二、不同背景學校人員對於學生家長會運作之知覺，有顯著差異。
三、鄉鎮學校學生家長會之運作最佳，偏遠學校學生家長會之運作則最不好。
四、愈大型學校學生家長會之運作愈佳，愈小型學校學生家長會之運作則愈不好。
五、學生家長會運作的主要困題在「家長不了解家長會功能」、「家長參與家長會活動不熱烈」，以及「經費不足」等。
六、學生家長會會務推動、校務參與、校務支援等運作三層面彼此之間，有很高的相關。
貳、有關學校效能方面
一、台北縣國民中學學校效能的評價很高，普遍受到肯定，惟學生表現層面有偏低的現象。
二、不同背景教師對於學校效能之知覺，有顯著差異。
三、鄉鎮學校、資深年長教師對於學校效能的評價較高。 　　　　　
參、學生家長會運作與學校效能之相關方面
一、台北縣國民中學學生家長會組織運作，對於學校效能的提昇是有助益的。
二、學生家長會運作與學校效能有相關，就家長會運作層面而言，「校務參與」與學校效能的相關最高；就學校效能層面而言，「教師工作滿意」與家長會運作的相關最高。
三、「定期召開班級學生家長會」是家長會會務推動層面中，提昇學校效能最有幫助的項目。　　　　　
四、「研討班級教育與家庭教育聯繫事項」是家長會校務參與層面中，提昇學校效能最有幫助的項目。
五、「協助班級推展教學活動」和「組織志工服務隊從事學校相關服務工作」，分別為家長和教師在家長會運作校務支援層面中，提昇學校效能最有幫助的項目。
六、學生家長會參與校務工作，宜尊重學校教師之教學專業。
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七、教師同時對於學生家長會運作及學校效能相關之知覺分數，年齡30歲以下組最低，教學年資16~25年組最高。
八、教師同時對於學生家長會運作及學校效能相關之知覺分數，偏遠學校、規模12班以
下學校、設校歷史6~15年學校等皆為偏低。

依據研究所得結論，本研究分別對教育行政機關、國民中學、學生家長會、家長協會等提出下列建議，作為國民中學學生家長會運作以提昇學校效能之參考。
壹、對教育行政機關的建議
一、關懷偏遠小型學校，提高經費人員編制。 　
二、持續健全法制規範，鼓勵家長正面參與。　　　
三、加強教師在職進修，精進教育理念熱忱。
四、獎勵表揚志工服務，鼓舞志工投入參與。
五、檢討教師退休制度，留住優良師資資源。
貳、對國民中學的建議
一、建構家長夥伴關係，開創學校教育新局。
二、設置家長支援窗口，增進家長會之功能。
三、健全志工組織服務，推動社會服務學習。
四、深化親職活動內容，發揮家長正向功能。
五、落實學校本位進修，促進同儕輔導成長。
六、定期召集班級家長，研議班級教育發展。
參、對學生家長會的建議
一、加強家長會員聯絡，提高會務參與態度。
二、整合家長委員專長，增進會務運作功能。
三、均衡三個層面發展，完全發揮運作效能。
四、定期召開各項會議，增進學校教育效能。
五、辦理志工服務獎勵，協助學校不足人力。
六、選擇適宜校務參與，尊重教師教學專業。
肆、對家長協會的建議
一、設置會務輔導小組，提供會務運作諮詢。
二、定期辦理會務研習，增進會務運作知能。　　
三、研發會務評鑑機制，扶持會務正向發展。　
四、催生健全法制規範，有效提昇學校效能。　

【關鍵字】家長會運作、學校效能、家長會、家長協會、家長參與學校教育

關鍵字

家長會運作 ； 學校效能 ； 家長會 ； 家長協會 ； 家長參與學校教育

並列摘要

Research On The Operation Of P.T.A. Correlated With School Efficacy In Junior High In Taipei County
Abstract
This Research aims to fathom the operation of P.T.A., as well as the status quo of school efficiency in junior high in Taipei County, and to analyze further into the correlation between the operation of PTAs and school efficacy.
Based on questionnaire methods, this research confines teachers with concurrent posts, homeroom teachers, full-time teachers, and parents as objects of study. The Stratified Cluster Random Sampling enrolls 40 junior high schools, 458 teachers, and 460 parents.
The data acquired had been processed, divided into groups, quantized and counted, with the help of the Chinese software edition of SPSS for Windows 10.0. Through methods of one-way ANOVA, the diversified backgrounds inviting the variations had been crosschecked; through Scheff'e method, the post-comparisons had been completed subsequently to examine the marked interrelations among groups; and through Pearson method, the studies on correlations between P.T.A. operation and school efficacy had been fulfilled.
After researches and analyses, the conclusions of this thesis result as below:
I. The Operation Of PTA
1. The normal operation of PTAs in Taipei County is highly recommended, except that the sense of the members tends to be low.
2. School staffs with diversified backgrounds differ in comprehending PTAs.
3. The town and country PTAs work best, while remote area ones worst.
4. The larger a school is, the better the associated PTA functions; vise versa.
5. Main hindrances to the operation of PTAs result from facts that parents do not recognize PTA functions, that they lack enthusiasm in participating PTA’s activities, and that PTAs face insufficient expenses.
6. Close interdependence exists among operation in the propulsion on PTA’s affairs, the participation in school administration, and the patronage to administrative affairs.
II. The School Efficacy
1. School efficacy in Taipei County junior high schools is highly commended, except that students fail to display fine qualities.
2. Teachers of diversified backgrounds vary in discerning school efficacy.
3. Schools in town and country, and senior teachers value school efficacy higher.
III. The PTA Operation And School Efficacy
1. PTA operation benefits the upgrade of school efficacy in Taipei County.
2. PTA operation corresponds to school efficacy. With respect to PTA operation, participation in school administrative affairs correlates school efficacy most; and with respect to school efficacy, contented teachers correspond best with PTA.
3. Periodic class PTA meetings help upgrade school efficacy most.
4. Seminars on class and family education benefit school efficacy most.

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5. Assistance to class teaching activities, and volunteer organizations contribute most to both teachers and parents, either in PTA operation or patronage to school.
6. Teachers expertise should be esteemed when PTAs join school affairs.
7. Teachers aged below 30 scored lowest, and those in the field for 16-25 years scored highest in sensing correlation between PTA and school efficacy.
8. Teachers in remote areas, in schools below 12 classes or founded for 6-15 years scored lowest in discerning PTA operation and school efficacy.
The conclusions of the research lead to the following proposals for the Educational Administration, junior high, PTA, and PA.
A. For The Educational Administration
1. Extend concern to remote small schools for higher funds and faculty.
2. Keep perfecting legal norms and encouraging parents participation.
3. Enhance on-the-post studies to refine teachers’ ideas and zeal in education.
4. Offer incentive to volunteers for their participation.
5. Examine retirement system to remain excellent teachers at post.
B. For Junior High Schools
1. Build up partnership with parents and open up new dimension in education.
2. Set up patronage windows for parents and promote PTA functions.
3. Perfect volunteer organization and facilitate programs in social services.
4. Intensify parents-children activities and enhance social service.
5. Implement policy of on-the-post studies and prompt growth among peers.
6. Hold periodic class PTA meetings and promote class education.
C. For PTAs
1. Enhance member contacts and participation.
2. Consolidate members’ expertise and enrich operational functions.
3. Balance development of the three aspects and sharpen operation efficiency.
4. Hold periodic meetings and reinforce school education efficiency.
5. Offer incentives to volunteers and supplement school faculty.
6. Circle proper jobs for volunteers and make teachers expertise be esteemed.
D. For Parents Associations
1. Establish assistance and guidance group in PA for consultation.
2. Hold periodic seminars and enrich affair operation know-how.
3. R&D on evaluation mechanism and sustain development in PA affairs.
4. Hasten perfect legal norms for PA and strengthen school efficacy.

並列關鍵字

PTA operation ； school efficacy ； Parent-Teacher Association ； Parents Association ； Parents participation in school education