伯恩斯坦輕歌劇「憨第德」之音樂素材運用

薛雅琦(Ya-Chi Hsueh)

指導教授 ： 黃均人

國立臺灣師範大學/藝術學院/音樂學系在職進修碩士班/碩士(2005年)

摘要

伯恩斯坦的《憨第德》為一齣在百老匯上演的輕歌劇作品，此劇開創出一種橫跨古典音樂與現代音樂劇的新形式，與伯恩斯坦一生致力於將古典音樂推廣普及化的想法不謀而合。其作品有輕歌劇中的詼諧對話、音樂劇華麗的服飾與場景、諷刺的劇情以及深刻的人物角色刻畫，並將伏爾泰的原著中的哲學思想簡化，以詼諧諷刺的方式探討人性中的弱點。
本文共包含五章，第一章探討《憨第德》的定義。第二章探討《憨》劇的創作背景與演出概況。第三章與第四章著重《憨》劇中音樂素材的運用與探討，包括充滿異國風情的舞曲素材以及其他素材的運用，顯示作曲家伯恩斯坦善用各種音樂素材的功力。第五章結論歸納作曲家所使用的音樂素材，以及此劇在歷史上的重要性。在戲劇表現上，《憨》劇多元豐富的音樂素材易帶領觀眾進入劇情，也使得之後的重演獲得好評與讚賞，成為一齣具有音樂劇與輕歌劇血統的成功之作。

關鍵字

輕歌劇 ； 音樂劇 ； 伯恩斯坦 ； 憨第德

並列摘要

Bernstein’s Candide is an operetta which performed at the theaters in Broadway. This play initiated a new form across classical music and modern Musical, and matched Bernstein’s thought of devoting his life to the popularization of classical music. This play includes funny dialogues of operetta; gorgeous clothes and scenes of Musical; satirized stories and characters. It also simplified the philosophy of the Voltaire’s novels in order to reveal the weakness in human nature through comical and satirical ways.
The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter One gives definitions of Candide from different viewpoints. Chapter Two discusses the background and performances of Candide. Chapter Three and Chapter Four stress to make use of the musical materials of Candide, including the materials of exotic dance and other musical ones, which show that Bernstein is good at all kinds of musical materials. Chapter Five concludes that the composer uses of the musical materials and the importance of this play in the music history. In the performance of this play, the diversified music could make the audience understand the story better, and it also got good evaluation and admiration in later revivals. Therefore, Candide became a successful production of Musical and operetta.

並列關鍵字

Operetta ； Musical ； Bernstein ； Candide