台灣產佛甲草屬植物之分類研究

A taxonomic study of Sedum L. (Crassulaceae) of Taiwan

林鴻文(Hung-wen Lin)

指導教授 ： 王震哲

國立臺灣師範大學/理學院/生物學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

本論文利用外部形態、花粉形態及生態及地理分佈等資料，針對台灣產佛甲草屬植物進行分類研究。在外部形態方面，萼片形態是區分台灣產佛甲草屬最重要的特徵。植株的分枝形式、葉形、種子外部形態及表面紋路等特徵，亦有助於部份分類群間之區別。花粉形態方面，台產所有物種皆為三溝孔形（tricolpate），花粉大小、形狀及表面紋路皆僅有微小的差異。生態及地理分佈方面，大部分物種皆有特定的分布區域及生態棲地，部份物種包括大葉火焰草（Sedum drymarioides Hance）、小萼佛甲草（Sedum microsepalum Hayata）、太魯閣佛甲草（Sedum tarokoense H. W. Lin）、觀霧佛甲草（Sedum morrisonense var. kwanwuense H. W. Lin）、石碇佛甲草（Sedum sekiteiense Yamam.）等，甚至只有極狹的分佈。
根據上述研究結果，將台灣產佛甲草屬植物處理為20個分類群，包括一新種：太魯閣佛甲草（Sedum tarokoense H. W. Lin），及二個新變種：高山佛甲草（Sedum brachyrhinchum var. taiwanalpinum H. W. Lin）及觀霧佛甲草（Sedum morrisonense var. kwanwuense H. W. Lin）。和Tang & Huang (1989) 之訂正之差別如下：將杉葉佛甲草（Sedum cryptomerioides Bart. & Yamam.）併入玉山佛甲草（Sedum morrisonense var. morrisonense Hayata）；將尖萼佛甲草（Sedum parvisepalum Yamam.）併入小萼佛甲草（Sedum microsepalum Hayata）。此外，並將合併於其他分類群的物種加以分離，包括：將阿里山佛甲草（Sedum arisanense Yamam.）及森氏佛甲草（Sedum brachyrhinchum var. brachyrhinchum Yamam.）自紅子佛甲草（Sedum erythrospermum Hayata）分開；將台灣佛甲草（Sedum taiwanianum S. S. Ying）和能高佛甲草（Sedum nokoense Yamam.）分開；將等萼佛甲草（Sedum triangulosepalum Liu & Chung）及截柱佛甲草（Sedum truncatistigma Liu & Chung）和小萼佛甲草（Sedum microsepalum Hayata）分開。另外，將疏花佛甲草的學名更為Sedum uniflorum subsp. oryzifolium（Makino）Ohba。

關鍵字

植物分類 ； 佛甲草屬 ； 台灣 ； 花粉形態 ； 地理分布

並列摘要

The genus Sedum (Crassulaceae)in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, and phytogeographical and ecological studies. Sepal morphology is the most valuable character for the classification within the genus in Taiwan. Branching type, leaf morphology, and ornamentation of the testa also provide useful information. Pollen morphology and exine sculpture show little difference among taxa. Most species in Taiwan have distinct distribution and ecological niche. Some taxa, such as Sedum drymarioides Hance, S. microsepalum Hayata, S. tarokoense H. W. Lin, S. morrisonense var. kwanwuense H. W. Lin, S. sekiteiense Yamam., have very narrow range of distribution.
As a result of above studies, twenty taxa, including a new species（Sedum tarokoense H. W. Lin）, and two new varieties (Sedum brachyrhinchum var. taiwanalpinum H. W. Lin and Sedum morrisonense var. kwanwuense H. W. Lin) are recognized. This treatment differs from Tang & Huang' s revision (1989) in the following: Sedum cryptomerioides Yamam. and S. parvisepalum Yamam. were reduced to synonymy of S. morrisonense var. morrisonense Hayata and S. microsepalum Hayata respectively. By the detailed comparison, Sedum arisanense Yamam., S. brachyrhinchum var. brachyrhinchum Yamam.., S. triangulosepalum Liu & Chung, S. truncatistigma Liu & Chung, S. taiwanium S. S. Ying which were previously reduced to synonymy, are now treated as distinct. The species " S. uniflorum Hook. & Arn." In Taiwan was revised as S. uniflorum subsp. oryzifolium (Makino) Ohba.

並列關鍵字

plant taxonomy ； Sedum ； Taiwan ； pollen morphology ； distribution

參考文獻

Kudo Y. 1954. A list of vascular plants of Taiwan pp. 61-62.

------------ 1954. A list of vascular plants of Taiwan. pp. 61-62.

Tang, W. S. and T. C. Huang. 1989. Notes on the flora of Taiwan (6)- The Sedoideae (Crassulaceae). Taiwania 34(2): 157-179.

Berger, A. 1930. Crassulaceae. In Engler & Prantl (ed), Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien 2nd ed. 18a: 352-483.

----------------- 1976. Sedum of North America north of the Mexican Plateau. Ithaca, New York.