行為功能分析暨包裹策略介入國小自閉症學童吐口水偏異行為之效果研究

A Study on the Effects of Both Functional Assessment and Parcel Strategies Approaches on the Spitting Problematic Behavior for an Autistic Child in the Elementary School

溫婉琪(Winnie Wen)

指導教授 ： 王大延 教授 ； 張世彗 教授 ； 許美瑞 教授

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/家政教育學系/碩士(1999年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討行為功能分析暨包裹策略對國小自閉症兒童吐口水偏異行為之介入效果，受試者係自北市某國小啟智班一名伴隨中度智障之自閉症高年級學童，研究者希望降低個案持續二年來之嚴重吐口水行為，以養成良好修容及衛生之生活習慣。
本研究採用單一受試研究之跨越不同情境之多基準線設計，包括基準線之建立、包裹策略介入、維持及追蹤。不同實驗情境分別為資源教室、感覺統合教室及生活自理室等三情境。
主要研究結果如下：
一、「行為功能分析」法能找出個案吐口水問題行為之功能；屬於「其他
因素」的「自我刺激」及「刻板行為」之功能佔61%，「逃避」之功
能佔15%，「獲致某物」之功能佔13%，及「獲得注意」之功能佔
10%。
二、介入包裹策略一：「過度糾正」加「區別增強其他行為（DRO）」能
降低吐口水行為次數約百分之八十。
三、介入包裹策略二：「過度糾正」和「溫和教學」能繼續降低吐口水行
為次數百分之九十。
四、介入包裹策略三：「過度糾正」和「改變情境(改變前因)」能再繼續
降低吐口水行為次數百分之九十以上。
本研究除對研究結果詳加討論外，並提出若干處遇自閉症學童吐口水問題行為之討論與建議，供作未來相關介入與研究之參考。

關鍵字

自閉症兒童 ； 吐口水偏異行為 ； 衛生生活習慣 ； 行為功能分析法 ； 過度糾正法 ； 區別增強其他行為法 ； 溫和教學 ； 改變情境(A-B-C分析法)

並列摘要

The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the “ Functional Assessment” and “Parcel Strategies” approaches on the spitting problematic behavior of an autistic child. The subject selected from one special education class of a primary school in Taipei is an autistic child with moderate mental retarded handicap.
The purposes of the researcher are to reduce the child severe spitting problematic behavior over 2 years, and then in order to form a living style of looking- adorning and sanitation.
The multiple baselines across settings of single subject research was conducted to analyze the effects of the treatment； establishing the baseline, intervention, maintenance, and follow-up were included as well. The 3 settings were resource room, sensory integrative room , and room of self-help skills.
The obtained results of this present study indicated that:
(1). Functional Assessment approach had been proved to be a
good strategy in finding the functions of the spitting
problematic behavior.
(2). Parcel Strategy 1 :“ Overcorrection”and“ DRO”had been
proved to reduce the times of spitting problematic behavior
about 80%.
(3). Parcel Strategy 2 :“ Overcorrection”and“ Gentle
Teaching ”had been proved to keep on reducing the times of
spitting problematic behavior up to 90%.
(4). Parcel Strategy 3 :“ Overcorrection”and“ Environment-
restucting (A-B-C analysis)”had been proved to keep going
on reducing the times of spitting problematic behavior up to
more over 90%.

並列關鍵字

an autistic child ； spitting problematic behavior ； a living- style of sanitation, ； Functional Assessment ； overcorrection ； DRO ； Gentle Teaching ； Environment- restructing(A-B-C analysis