家庭親子間飲食與身體活動量之研究

Family diet and physical activity study for parents and adolescents

任倩儀(Jen Chien-Yi)

指導教授 ： 盧立卿

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/家政教育學系/碩士(2001年)

摘要

本研究在探討家庭親子間飲食與身體活動量之相關性。以南港區誠正國中的全校學生及其家庭成員為對象，共招募70戶家庭，利用自行發展的結構式問卷訪談個人及家庭的飲食與運動情形。研究分析父母(59位父親、67位母親)及國中生(37位國中男生、45位國中女生)結果發現24小時飲食回憶法評估男生的蛋白質和維生素B2攝取量顯著高於女生(p<0.05)，飲食頻率問卷計算營養密度方面，女生的維生素C顯著高於男生(p<0.05)。男生各餐次外食頻率皆高於女生，而女生的外食頻率與補習頻率有顯著正相關(r=0.34，p<0.05)。青少年活動量的部份，女生通勤步行的比例高，且通勤步行時間以5-15分鐘為主，因性別的差異，男生每週運動的時間較長，並以從事中重度強度的運動為主。以24小時飲食回憶法評估，結果母女、父女之間蛋白質攝取量顯著正相關(r=0.32、0.44，p<0.05)，母子、父子間維生素C攝取量顯著正相關(r=0.46、0.46，p<0.05)；飲食頻率問卷結果顯示父女間蛋白質、維生素C、多元不飽和脂肪酸的營養密度有顯著正相關(r=0.50、0.39、0.33，p<0.05)，父子間脂質的營養密度有顯著正相關(r=0.38，p<0.05)。親子身體活動量方面，母女之間的運動量有顯著正相關(r=0.56，p<0.05)，母親的步行活動量與兒子運動量之間也有顯著正相關(r=0.42，p<0.05)。由多元迴歸分析(multiple regression)探討對女生BMI而言，父母親變項無顯著預測力(R2=0.20)，而對男生BMI顯著的預測變項為父親家事活動量及父親熱量攝取(R2=0.61)。

關鍵字

家庭飲食 ； 父母親 ； 青少年 ； 身體活動量 ； 身體質量指數

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the associations on dietary intakes and physical activities between parents and their adolescent children aged from 12 to 15 years old. We recruited students and their family members from Taipei Municipal Cheng-Cheng junior High School in Nang Kan area and conducted face-to-face interviews at home to collect dietary, physical activity, and related family information by the structured questionnaires. Total 70 families consisting of 59 fathers, 67 mothers, 37 boys and 45 girls between aged 12-15 were included in the final analyses. The results from children between 12-15 years old show that the means of protein and vitamin B2 intakes by 24-hour recalls were significantly higher in boys than girls (p<0.05). The nutrient densities per 1000 kcal of vitamin C from food frequency questionnaire were higher in girls than boys (p<0.05). The frequency of eating-out for each meal was higher in boys than girls. There was significant positive correlation between the frequency of eating-out meals and extra lessons after school for girls (r=0.34，p<0.05). Girls had higher rates of participation in walking to school than boys and spent 5-15 minutes in walking mainly. Boys spent longer time than girls on physical activities per week, mostly in high intensity activities. There were significant positive correlations between mothers and daughters , fathers and daughters for protein (r=0.32、0.44，p<0.05), and between mothers and sons, fathers and sons for vitamin C (r=0.46、0.46，p<0.05) by 24-hour recalls. There were significant positive correlations between fathers and daughters on nutrient densities per 1000 kcal for protein、vitamin C、polyunsaturated fatty acid (r=0.50、0.39、0.33，p<0.05), and between fathers and sons on fat intake (r=0.38，p<0.05) by food frequency questionnaire. As for physical activity relationships between parents and adolescents, significant positive correlations were found between mothers and their daughters in exercise activity (r=0.56，p<0.05), and between walking of mothers and exercise activity of sons (r=0.42，p<0.05). The multiple regression models show that the parents' parameters have no significant effect on BMI for girls (R2=0.20) but the housework activity of fathers and the calorie intake of fathers have significant effects on BMI for boys (R2=0.61).

並列關鍵字

family diet ； parents ； adolescents ； physical activity ； body mass index

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