課程改革的政治社會學分析—以技職一貫課程改革為例

The study of curriculum reform on the perception of Political Sociology—the Coherent Curriculum Reform in Technological & Vocational Education for example

張佳琳(Chia- Lin Chang)

指導教授 ： 黃政傑

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育學系/博士(2001年)

摘要

政治社會學是研究政治社會事件整體互動「關係」及其「策略」的學科。有鑑於任何政治社會事件均係一種深受經濟、政治、文化等社會環境變遷所影響而加以回應、調適與創生的系統表現，所以，政治社會學特別重視系統與環境互動下的整體關係，以及變遷演化下的策略運作與權威配置，主張對於政治社會事件的理解必須就其與影響因素的整體關係及其間所產生的策略運作加以分析。
本研究透過政治社會學的角度檢視課程改革的意涵，基本上乃體認課程改革不但是一個處在社會脈絡的動態過程，也是一個由外部、內部的相關要素所組成的整體，具體進行著「輸入」與「輸出」的系統歷程，同時也具有變遷、衝突、磋商、調適、轉化的屬性與表現，因此，將本研究主要分為三個部分；第一部分是探討課程改革政治社會學的內涵與議題，並建立課程改革政治社會學的基本分析架構；第二部分則以政治社會學的分析架構分別從「關係」與「策略」面向探討技職一貫課程改革的成因與互動情形；第三部分是對當前課程改革的反省，藉由政治社會學來檢視各項課程改革的發展。透過三個部分的分析討論，本研究提出以系統、變遷、權力、利益、政策五項議題作為課程改革的分析架構，揭示課程改革與環境變遷之互動的系統性，以及改革過程充滿權力、利益、策略的政治性，技職一貫課程改革及我國當前其他課程改革承載了國家及教育本身對正當性與合理性需求之使命，改革的系統運作中處處可見權力與利益的滲透、競爭與消長，當中不同的權力形式挾帶多元的利益關係，改革形成的政策一方面解除政治社會危機，一方面也成全了某種利益。每一段課程改革的歷史脈絡都是當時社會規則、儀式或權力、利益結構具體而微的象徵，對改革的分析，同時也是對時代歷史背景的開解。
根據分析結果，本研究並建議課程改革應掌握自主性、釐清改革基本背景，藉以對準問題、正視並調和改革中不同利益群體及知識形式的社會意義與權力，才能真正掌握改革理想並達成目標。

關鍵字

課程改革 ； 政治社會學 ； 技職一貫課程改革 ； 課程政策 ； 合理性危機 ； 正當性危機

並列摘要

Political Sociology is a theory that studies the relationship and the strategy of political and sociological events. It adjusts itself to the systematic interaction, even though political and sociological events are deeply influenced by the social change such as economy, politics, and culture . Political Sociology emphasizes on the relationship between system and environment, and also stresses the importance of the strategy and the authority under social change. The assertion of Political Sociology is that to understand political and sociological events has to analyze the main factors of the whole relationship and process of strategy.
This study reviews the content of curriculum reform from the view of Political Sociology. Curriculum reform not only exists in the social world but also in a dynamic condition. It consists of internal and external elements and meanwhile, proceeds to the process of input and output. That is to say, change, conflict, contest, negotiation, accommodation, and transformation are the elements of curriculum reform.
There are three main parts in the study. The first part is to study contents and issues of curriculum reform from the aspect of Political Sociology, and to set up the framework of curriculum reform for analyzing. The second part is under the framework of Political Sociology to analyze the origin and the interaction of the Coherent Curriculum Reform in Technological & Vocational Education from the bases of relation and strategy. The third part is to make self-examination of present curriculum reform, and to survey the development of all curriculum reform from Political Sociology. This study brings up five issues - system, change, power, interest, and policy as the framework of curriculum reform for Political Sociology to analyze. Meanwhile, this study not only reveals the systematicness between curriculum reform and environmental change, but also the politicization of reforming process. The mission of the Coherent Curriculum Reform in Technological & Vocational Education and other present curriculum reforms is to help one country and its education to match the rationality and legitimacy.
According to the result of systems analysis, the suggestions are as the following: first, there should be the autonomy in curriculum reform; second, in order to achieve the goal of reform, it is necessary to clarify the background of reform and to harmonize (reconcile) differences among groups and in forms of knowledge such as the meaning in society, the attribution of power, and the orientation of interest.

並列關鍵字

curriculum reform ； political sociology ； the Coherent Curriculum Reform in Technological & Vocational Education ； policy of curriculum ； crisis of rationality ； crisis of legitimacy

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