原生家庭與其他重要他人經驗對女性婚姻恐懼者之影響研究─以客體關係理論分析詮釋

The Influence of Family of Origin and Significant Others on Females with Hesitation in Marital Commitment--From the Aspect of Object Relation Theory

莊瑞飛(Ruey-fei Chuang)

指導教授 ： 蔡順良老師

國立臺灣師範大學/教育學院/教育心理與輔導學系/碩士(2002年)

摘要

本研究旨在探討原生家庭以及其他重要他人經驗對女性婚姻恐懼者的影響。研究方法採質性研究，以深度訪談蒐集資料，並以現象學方法加以分析，以客體關係理論加以分析詮釋。本研究選取符合以下條件者為訪談對象：（一）年齡在30-45歲的單身未婚女性；（二）性取向為異性戀者；（三）根據電話初訪，自認為對婚姻懷有恐懼而遲遲不敢走入婚姻；（四）認為自己的原生家庭經驗對恐懼婚姻有重要影響者。正式研究對象一共五位，其年齡介於三十二至四十二歲。研究結果如下：
在父母婚姻關係對個體親密關係的影響方面，發現：（一）恐懼重複父母不愉快的婚姻，造成受訪者面對婚姻時的恐懼；（二）親密關係的因應模式產生代間傳遞，個體複製亟欲避免的困境；（三）母親對自己婚姻選擇的後悔，牽動個體對婚姻決定產生質疑。
在家庭成員互動經驗對個體親密關係的影響方面分為三個部份，第一部份是父女關係經驗的影響，發現：（一）在生命第一段的異性關係中感到挫折；（二）在親密關係中欲彌補早期受挫或不足的父愛卻再度失望；（三）尋覓的親密伴侶受到父親形象以及父女依附風格的影響。第二部份是母女關係經驗的影響，發現：（一）依賴需求不能滿足，全能感未能建立；（二）母親的不安全感產生代間傳遞的現象；（三）親密關係因應模式受到母女依附風格的影響；（四）母親成為個體在親密關係中的角色示範；（五）傳統文化體系宰制女性在婚姻關係中的實質地位和心理地位；（六）母親投射「不好的我」催化了父權文化對女性的閹割。第三部份是手足關係經驗的影響，發現：（一）手足中理想化客體替代父母的角色；（二）手足關係與親密關係中的議題雷同。
在其他重要他人對個體親密關係的影響方面，發現：（一）父母的形象擴散在其他人際關係中；（二）貴人經驗使得生命方向向上修正。
最後，根據本研究結果，對為人父母者、適婚年齡女性、婚前教育以及未來相關研究者提出建議以供參考。

關鍵字

婚姻恐懼 ； 單身女性 ； 原生家庭 ； 親密關係 ； 重要他人 ； 內在運作模式 ； 客體關係理論 ； 現象學方法

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of family of origin and significant others on females with hesitation in marital commitment. This research was based on the qualitative method. Data was collected by the depth interview method, it was analyzed by phenomenological description and explained by object relation theory. The participants were under following conditions: (1) Single women between 30 to 45 years old. (2) Heterosexuality. (3) Who was self-considered as marriage hesitator through telephone interview. (4) Whose marriage hesitation was caused by the influence of family of origin . Finally, five participants were selected between 32 to 42 years old. Conclusions shown below:
Regarding the influences of parental marriage on individual intimacy, the findings were: (1) Participants who hesitated marital commitment feared to repeat the unhappy marriage as parents. (2) According to the intergenerational transmission on the coping styles of intimate relationship, participants repeated the difficulties, which was originally intended to be away from. (3) Mothers who regretted their marriage made the participants become marriage hesitator.
As the influence of family relationship on individual intimacy (1) The findings of father-daughter relationship were: (a) The participants were frustrated in the father-daughter relationship. (b) They were disappointed again while they tried to regain father love in their intimate relationship. (c) They would look for their partners based on their father image and the attachment style of father-daughter. (2) The findings of mother-daughter relationship were: (a) The dependent needs wouldn’t be satisfied and the omnipotence wouldn’t be developed. (b) There was the intergenerational transmission on mother’s sense of insecurity. (c) The coping styles of intimate relationship were affected by the attachment style of mother-daughter. (d) Mothers played the role models in the participants’ intimate relationship. (e) The females’ substantial and psychological contribution to their family were not appreciated in the tradition. (f) Mothers who projected the “ bad me” representation promoted the patriarchy. (2) The finding of sibling relationship were: (a) The ideal objects in the siblings replaced the parents’ role. (b) The issues between sibling relationship and intimate relationship were similar.
As regard the influence of significant others on individual intimacy, the findings were: (1) Parents’ images would be projected to participants’ significant others. (2) They might free themselves by the corrective experience from other good objects.
Finally, according to these above results, the suggestions were made to parents and females of right age for marriage. Recommendations toward premarital education and future researches were also mentioned.

並列關鍵字

marriage hesitator ； single woman ； family of origin ； intimate relationship ； significant others ； internal working model ； object relation theory ； phenomenology

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