西周銅器銘文所載賞賜物之研究－－器物與身分的詮釋

The Study of Rewards Written on The Western Chou Bronze Inscription: Explanation of Utensils And Person's Social Status

鄭憲仁(Cheng Hsien -Jen)

指導教授 ： 季旭昇教授 ； 陳芳妹教授

國立臺灣師範大學/文學院/國文學系/博士(2003年)

摘要

本文研究的範圍為「西周銅器銘文」中的「賞賜」，以「器物」和「身分」為詮釋的重點。
本文將賞賜分為「冊命賞賜」和「非冊命賞賜」兩類，以比較二者在器物與身分關係上的差異。由於冊命賞賜較有具體的條例，因此以冊命賞賜為探討的主體。
冊命制度是西周政治運作的重要支柱，由此建構出君臣關係。冊命和封建、賜爵、授官是一個結合在一起的架構，經由冊命，身分能夠確立。
本文探索賞賜制度中的兩個要素：「器物」與「身分」。由此確定西周冊命制度下「物與人」的關係，建立體系。對於「職官、服飾、車馬、鑾旂」有較深入的分析。
在結構上：本文第一章為緒論。第二章匯整傳世古藉（經典）與出土銅器銘文。第三章研究賞賜物，分析賞賜物的時代與等級。第四章研究身分等級，提出不同身分等級和賞賜物的對應關係。第五章為結論。

關鍵字

冊命 ； 禮制 ； 西周 ； 賞賜 ； 銅器 ； 文字 ； 身分 ； 官制

並列摘要

The content of this study is focus on the explanation of the rewards , utensils and person’s social status written in Western Chou Bronze inscription.
In this study, rewards in Western Chou(11th century B C ~771 B C ) can be divided into two categories: receiving the rewards by adoption and receiving the rewards without adoption. By the comparison of utensils and person’s social status, the difference between these two categories can be identified. Receiving the rewards by adoption will be the main concerns in this study because there are complete regulations to explain the way to receive rewards by adoption.
The relationship of ruler-subject, feudalism and adaptation、honored with nobility and serviced as officers was all constructed by the regulation of investiture. Therefore, person's social status can be identified by way of investiture. This also can be mentioned as the main base of political execution in Western Chou.
The two essential elements in the system of adoption are utensils and person’s social status. These two factors are the key elements to identify the relationships between an object and person and also the assistant to build up the political system of Western Chou. Therefore, there are more following discussion about stratum of officers, dress, carriages and horses, and the flag for identification of noble in detail.
There are five chapters in this study. Introduction is in chapter one. The theoretical reviews of bequeathed ancient works and excavated bronze inscription are in chapter two. The clarification of rewards and the period and grade of these rewards are is chapter three. The identification of person’s social status and the explanation of the arrangement between person’s social status and rewards are in chapter four. The final conclusion is in chapter five.

並列關鍵字

investiture ； social institutions ； Western Chou ； rewards ； bronzes ； characteristics ； person's social status ； stratum of officers