澎湖地區青少年休閒運動參與現況之研究

洪志忠

指導教授 ： 鄭志富

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2007年)

摘要

本研究旨在了解澎湖地區青少年參與休閒運動的現況及其阻礙之因素，並瞭解不同地區澎湖青少年運動參與現況及阻礙之差異；最後，分析其運動參與阻礙之相關性。採分層隨機抽樣方式，共發出問卷500份，有效回收問卷481份。研究工具為編製之『澎湖地區青少年參與休閒運動現況調查問卷』以描述統計（平均數、標準差及百分比）分析、χ2考驗、t考驗、F考驗及LSD法進行分組事後比較加以分析，研究結果發現如下：
ㄧ、因受離島地區生活步調輕鬆緩慢的影響，運動次數低、運動持續時間短之青少年，其參與休閒運動程度較高；休閒運動方式大多屬輕鬆較不吃力的方式為主，且運動地點以學校周遭環境居多。
二、澎湖地區青少年參與休閒運動阻礙在「外在因素」和「休閒資源因素」有較高的阻礙。其中又以「天氣不好」、「沒有友伴」、「缺乏休閒運動場館」為主要因素。這也顯示出休閒運動場館及設備的欠缺成為澎湖地區青少年參與休閒運動上最大的阻礙因素。
三、本研究發現澎湖地區青少年男生在運動次數與運動持續時間上普遍的高於女生；高中（職）生因課業壓力較大，較國中生能利用課餘時間從事休閒運動；而月收入高、休閒費用高之青少年在休閒運動參與上能得到較多的支持。
四、本研究顯示女生由於先天能力及社會期待的關係，造成運動阻礙大於男生；而課業競爭力強及休閒資源的缺乏，使得高中（職）生和城市地區之青少年在參與休閒運動阻礙上有較明顯的感受。
根據研究結果，本研究建議應增設學校室內體育館並適度開放讓社區居民使用，以提升運動風氣，設立全澎湖自行車專用步道，推廣不受季節性影響之休閒運動及運動性學校社團，最後建議加強青少年休閒教育，培養良好的正向休閒態度，進而養成終身規律運動的習慣。

關鍵字

休閒運動 ； 休閒運動阻礙因素

並列摘要

The main objective of this study was to understand the current situation and the barrier factors of the adolescents’ participation in recreational sports in Penghu area; also to understand the discrepancy of current situation and barrier factors of the adolescents’ participation in recreational sports in different areas in Penghu; and finally, to analyze the correlation between the participation and barriers of sports 500 copies of questionnaire were sent out randomly by stratified sampling, with effective return of 481 copies. Based on “The questionnaires of the current situation for the adolescents’ participation in recreational sports in Penghu Area” as a investigation tool, the study was analyzed by the methods of descriptive statistics (average, standard deviation and percentages of variants), χ2 test, t test, F test and Least Significant Difference to conduct post hoc analyses. The findings of the study were listed as following:

1. As influenced by the free and easy lifestyle and slow pace in the off-shore island area, the adolescents with low sports frequency and short sports duration had high level of participation in the recreational sports; the recreational sports were mainly in relax and less energy consuming ways, and the sports locations were mostly nearby school environments.

2. The adolescents in Penghu participating in recreational sports experienced higher barriers in “external factors” and “leisure resource factors”; in which “terrible weather”, “no companion” and “lack of leisure sports centers” were the main factors. This also showed the biggest barrier factors for the adolescents in Penghu participating in recreational sports were the lack of leisure sports centers and facilities.

3. The study discovered that the sports frequency and duration for male adolescents were generally higher than female adolescents in Penghu area; as the adolescents in senior high school (vocational school) had heavier school pressure, they tended to utilize their spare time to engage recreational sports after school better than high school students; for those adolescents with high monthly income and high leisure expenses received more supports while participating in the recreational sports.

4. The study showed that female adolescents’ sports barrier was greater than the male adolescents due to congenital capability and the expectation of the society; the adolescents in senior high school (vocational school) and in the city area also experienced obvious barrier in participating recreational sports due to competition in schoolwork and lack of leisure resource.

Based on the result, this research suggested that we should build more school gyms and open them appropriately to the local inhabitants to promote the athletic manners. Besides, this research also suggested that we could set up the exclusive bike paths around Penghu and propagate the leisure sports and athletic school clubs, which wouldn’t be influenced by the seasons and the weathers. Finally, it suggested that we should reinforce the adolescent leisure education, and thus the young people could develop the good attitude toward the use of their free time and cultivate the lifelong habit of doing sports regularly.

參考文獻

王宗吉、徐耀輝（2000）。休閒運動與健康管?。休閒活動，15-28。台北市：中華民國體育學會。

中華民國體育學會（2000）。休閒運動活動專書。台北市：作者。

江澤群、林國瑞。（2001）台北地區高中職學生參與休閒運動阻礙因素之研究。北體學報，9，105-117。

高俊雄（2000）。休閒相關概念。台北市：中華民國體育學會。

馬金足（2004）。澎湖縣慢性病盛行率與其健康知識現況調查。澎湖縣政府研究發展選輯目錄—93年度。澎湖縣：澎湖縣政府。