籃球裁判誤判心理因素與因應策略

The Psychological Factors and Coping Strategies of Basketball Referee Misjudgment

何孟家(Ho Meng-Chia)

指導教授 ： 季力康

國立臺灣師範大學/運動與休閒學院/體育學系/碩士(2016年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/NTNU202204833

摘要

在一場籃球比賽中，籃球裁判扮演著重要的角色，整場比賽誤判出現的次數也關係著比賽的精采度，而研究者本身也擔任裁判的工作，也曾經歷過誤判的情況，想藉由研究來了解裁判誤判的心理因素及因應策略，但由於量化研究無法呈現裁判在比賽誤判時的心境和複雜現象的想法，故本研究採用質性研究之方式，以期深入探討籃球裁判誤判的心理因素及因應策略。研究對象為六位具有A級和國際籃球裁判證之裁判，藉由半結構式訪談，訪談時間為30分鐘，並利用紮根理論分析。研究結果發現裁判誤判的種類有：「規則引用錯誤」、「不應宣判而宣判」、「應宣判而未宣判」、「裁判間意見或觀念不一致」。在誤判的心理因素上有：「比賽的壓力」、「過度自信」以及「倦怠感」。在因應策略上分別就三個因素，各有兩個作法：在比賽壓力的因應策略為「夥伴間的溝通」、「多與教練或球員溝通」，在過度自信的因應策略為「影帶討論」、「熟悉比賽狀況」，在倦怠感的因應策略為「心理技能訓練」、「適當安排執法場次」。本研究結論指出籃球裁判在誤判時的心理狀態，藉由其因應策略來降低誤判的產生。

關鍵字

籃球裁判 ； 誤判 ； 因應策略

並列摘要

Basketball referee plays an important role in a basketball game. In the whole game, the number of misjudgments is also related to the emergence of the wonderful game, and the researcher's work also served as referee, has experienced a misjudgment cases, I want to be research to understand the referee misjudgment of psychological factors and coping strategies, but because quantitative research does not render ideas referee in the game misjudged the mood and complex phenomenon, so in this study by way of qualitative research, to in-depth study on the basketball referee misjudgment psychological factors and coping strategies. A study of six stages and having a certificate of international basketball referee , with semi-structured interviews, interview time was thirty minutes, and analyzed using grounded theory. The results found that the type of referee misjudged are: "Rules misquoted", "should not call but call," "should call but not call," "inconsistencies between the referee opinions or ideas." Misjudgment on psychological factors are: "pressure game", "overconfidence" and "burnout." On coping strategies on three factors respectively, each of the two practices: In the game response to pressure games as "communication between partners", "communicate with the coach or the players," overconfidence in the coping strategies of "Videotape discussion "" familiar with the situation of the game "in the burnout coping strategies as" psychological skills training "," appropriate arrangements for the game. " This study concludes that basketball referee psychological state at the time of the, misjudgment with their coping strategies to reduce misjudgments generated.

並列關鍵字

basketball referee ； misjudgment ； coping strategies

參考文獻

張弓弘、王人生（2001）。籃球裁判的壓力探討。大專體育，53，82-85。

鐘政憲（2007）。心理技能對籃球裁判員執法工作之探討。輔仁大學體育學刊，6，362-370。

一、中文部分

王曉春（2008）。對籃球裁判臨場能力的幾點思考。山東體育科技，30（1），52-53。

王文忠（2008）。籃球裁判參與動機之研究。未出版碩士論文，大葉大學。