勞工健康檢查行為及其相關因素之研究

為瞭解勞工健檢行為及可能影響因素，本研究透過健康信念模式設計結構式問卷為調查工具。採立意取樣於台北市某大型金融保險業總部全體員工437人為研究對象進行資料蒐集、分析。結果：1.勞工健檢知識屬中間的程度。2.罹患性以自已有得到慢性疾病的可能最多。3.嚴重性以如因疾病造成身體失能或死亡對我的影響最嚴重。4.行動利益以健檢能早期發現並預防或治療慢性疾病最認同。5.行動障礙以健康檢查可能會導致商業保險費用增加是最大障礙。6.行動線索以我會因公司規定而去做勞工健康檢查最有影響效果。7.勞工健檢行為有參加公司免付費健康檢查及自費做健康檢查行為皆未過半數；但自費做健康檢查者有稍多一些。8.沒有過往病史者在知識暸解程度上較高。9.有參加自費健檢者在罹患性上較高。10.外勤業務、一般職員、基層主管者在嚴重性較高。11.內勤行政、沒有參加自費健檢者在行動利益上較高。12.有過往病史者在行動障礙上較高。13.女性在行動線索上較有影響。14.研究對象之年齡、年資與勞工健檢知識、健康模式、行動線索之間有顯著中至高度的正及負向相關。15.勞工健康檢查知識、罹患性越高，參與公司辦理之健檢次數也越高；而嚴重性、行動障礙越高，參與公司辦理之健檢次數越低。16.罹患性、嚴重性、行動障礙分數越高，參與公司健檢機率越高。17.行動利益、行動線索分數越高，參與自費健檢機率越高。建議：1.加強職場勞工健檢法規面、好處及國人常見疾病相關教育課程。2.將健康檢查相關規定導入公司內規中3.提供員工充足的相關資訊公開平台或辦理說明會4. 提供員工參予健檢之費用補助款，增加員工多元健檢管道及自主性5. 定期以多元管道提供員工國人常見疾病之相關資訊。

關鍵字

勞工健康檢查；職業疾病；健康信念模式

並列摘要

In order to understand the behavior of labor health check and possible influencing factors, this study designed a structured questionnaire as a survey tool through the health belief model. The company took samples of 437 people from a large financial and insurance industry headquarters in Taipei City for data collection and analysis. Results: 1. The degree of labor health inspection knowledge is intermediate. 2. Suffering is most likely to have chronic diseases. 3. Severity is most severely affected by physical disability or death caused by illness. 4. The benefits of action can be identified by early detection and prevention or treatment of chronic diseases. 5. Action Barriers Health checkups may increase the cost of commercial insurance as the biggest obstacle. 6. The action clues are most influential in the labor health check that I will follow the company regulations. 7. Labor health check behaviors are not more than half of the company's fee-free health check-ups and self-funded health check-ups; however, there are slightly more health checkers at their own expense. 8. Those who have no past medical history have a higher level of knowledge. 9. Those who participate in self-financed health checkups are higher in susceptibility. 10. Field operations, general staff and grassroots supervisors are of high severity. 11. Those who are in the internal administration and who do not participate in the self-financed health check are more interested in the action. 12. Those with past medical history have higher barriers to movement. 13. Women have a greater impact on the action cues. 14. There is a significant medium to high positive and negative correlation between the age, seniority and labor health knowledge, health model and action cues of the subjects. 15. The higher the knowledge and the susceptibility of labor health check, the higher the number of health check-ups conducted by participating companies; the higher the severity and mobility disorder, the lower the number of health checks performed by participating companies. 16. The higher the scores of susceptibility, severity, and mobility disorder, the higher the chances of participating in the company's health check. 17. The higher the action benefit and the action clue score, the higher the chance of participating in the self-funded health check. Suggestions: 1. Strengthen the workplace health check regulations, benefits, and education programs related to common diseases of Chinese people. 2. Introduce the relevant provisions of the health check into the company's internal regulations. 3. Provide sufficient information about the employees' public information platform or handle the briefing session. 4. Provide the staff to participate in the health inspection fee subsidy, increase the employee's multiple health inspection pipeline and autonomy. Regularly provide information on common diseases of employees in the country through a multi-channel.