影響私立學校教職員參與退休金自主投資意願之研究

Factors Affected the Private School Faculties to Take in the Intention of Pension Investment

黃媺文(Huang Wei-Wen)

指導教授 ： 胡茹萍

國立臺灣師範大學/科技與工程學院/工業教育學系/碩士(2018年)

https://doi.org/10.6345/THE.NTNU.DIE.019.2018.E01

摘要

私立學校教職員退休撫卹離職資遣儲金為全國第一個開放參與者可自行選擇投資風險的退休基金，所規劃自主投資運用實施計畫之目標，乃期望協助私立學校的教職員在合適的風險承受程度下，追求更有效率的投資報酬累積，藉此提高退休後之所得替代率，使私立學校的教職員能獲得更具保障的退休生活。但統計數據顯示，該自主投資計畫自民國102年推動至今，仍有高於八成之退撫儲金捨較高報酬之穩健型及積極型投資組合，反投入於僅保障二年期定存之最低收益率的保守型投資組合，該自主投資計畫尚未獲得多數私立學校教職員的認同與支持。
為探討影響私立學校教職員參與退休金自主投資意願之因素，本研究以人格特質為出發點，分析從眾行為、政策認知度、政策滿意度及行為意圖間之關係，針對私校教職員工發放問卷。回收有效問卷328份，經驗證性分析與結構方程考驗研究模型，結果發現教職員的人格特質可正向預測從眾行為，並進一步正向預測其對自主投資計畫之滿意度與持續參與的行為意圖；而政策認知度與教職員人格特質間之相關不顯著，但其對政策認知的程度可正向預測對自主投資計畫之滿意度與持續參與的行為意圖。綜上所述，建議政府及有關單位在推動私立學校退撫儲金自主投資計畫時，應提高該計畫的曝光度，並針對私立學校教職員加強計畫內容的宣導，將可間接提高私立學校教職員對該計畫的認同與自主參與的意願。

關鍵字

私立學校退撫儲金 ； 人格特質 ； 從眾行為 ； 政策認知 ； 政策滿意 ； 行為意圖

並列摘要

Private School Faculties Service Pension Fund is the first national retirement plan that allows faculties to choose their own investment risk. The goal of this plan for autonomous investment is to assist private school staffs in pursuing a more efficient investment under the appropriate level of risk tolerance. This is to increase the income substitution rate after retirement and enable to get a more secure retirement life for teachers. Although the autonomous investment plan was promoted, this autonomous investment plan has not yet received approval and support from most private school staffs. There are still more than 80% of private school staffs choosing conservative investment portfolios that guarantee only the lowest rate of two-year fixed deposits instead of robust and active investment portfolios with relatively high remuneration. This study examines the factors that affect the willingness of private school faculties to take in pension fund investment. Based on the participants’ personality traits, we delivered questionnaires to faculties retired from private schools and analyzed the relationships among herd behavior, policy cognition, policy satisfaction, and continuing intentions. 328 validated questionnaires were collected and subjected to structural equation modeling. We found that the personality traits of participants can be used to positively predict herd behavior, and to further positively predict staffs’ satisfaction with pension fund investment plans and their intention of continuous participation. The correlation between policy cognition and faculty personality traits is not significant, but its degree of policy cognition can be used to positively predict the satisfaction of the pension fund investment plan and the intention of continuous participation. To sum up, it is suggested that when promoting Private School Faculties Service Pension Fund, the government and related organizations should promote the plan's exposure, leading to increasing the willingness of teachers and staffs in private schools to participate in the plan.

並列關鍵字

Private School Faculties Service Pension Fund ； personality trait ； herd behavior ； policy cognition ； policy satisfaction ； behavior intention

參考文獻

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一、中文部分

丁誌魰、郭亮妤（2013）。雲林縣國中小女性教師人格特質、理財態度與旅遊型態之關聯性研究。南華大學環境與管理研究，14（1），83-114。