舒曼《兒時情景，作品十五》與《森林情景，作品八十二》之樂曲分析與演奏詮釋

羅勃‧舒曼（Robert Schumann, 1810-1856）為十九世紀浪漫樂派重要作曲家。自幼受到父親經營的出版事業所影響，栽培了舒曼的文學素養。文學中幻想與想像的成份、個人情感的表達，皆深深影響舒曼的音樂創作。在舒曼的鋼琴作品當中，個性小品(character piece)是最具代表性的。短而小的篇幅但具自由想像的風格，從本文所探討的《兒時情景》(Kinderscenen Op.15)與《森林情景》(Waldscenen Op.82)可以一探究竟。《兒時情景》以套曲呈現13首小品，為舒曼懷念童年回憶的作品，創作於1838年，正是舒曼鋼琴作品活躍的年代。《森林情景》以套曲呈現9首小品，與詩詞連結，是一首含有森林一日生活想像的作品，創作於1848年，屬創作於舒曼較晚期的作品。兩曲相隔了10年的時間。本詮釋報告共分為六個章節，第一章的緒論先說明了此研究的動機與目的；第二章就著舒曼的生平與其重要之個性小品創作風格，說明選定研究《兒時情景》與《森林情景》之原因；第三章與第四章則分別研究《兒時情景》與《森林情景》的創作背景、曲式結構設計、旋律動機與節奏動機使用的探討。透過不同層面的研究，在第五章比較兩首作品創作手法的異同處，並於第六章總結在兩作品中，舒曼內心欲表達之意涵，以給予演奏上之建議與詮釋。

關鍵字

舒曼；個性小品；兒時情景；森林情景

並列摘要

Robert Schumann (1810-1856) is one of the most important Romantic composers of the 19th century. Since childhood, he had witnessed the publishing business run by his father, who had also cultivated Schumann’s literacy for literature. The fantastical and imaginary elements in literature, the expression of personal emotions deeply influenced Schumann's musical creations. Among Schumann's piano works, the character pieces are the most representative. Short in size, free in style, that’s what can be explored in this thesis. I’ll focus on the analysis and interpretation of Schumann’s Kinderscenen Op.15 and the Waldscenen Op.82. Kinderscenen presents 13 pieces in a set, which is the work of Schumann's childhood memories. It was composed in 1838, the period that Schumann composed mostly for piano. Waldscenen presents 9 pieces in a set, which has a strong link with poetry. This work describes an illusive day in the forest. Composed in 1848, it belongs to the late period of Schumann. These two works were composed ten years apart. This Analysis and Interpretation report is divided into six chapters. First, the composer's life and composing styles will be stated. In addition, the author will introduce the background, structural analysis, and motives used in Kinderscenen and Waldscenen. It is hoped that through the different aspects of research, we can understand the similarities and differences between these two compositions, and then try to figure out Schumann's hidden desire in order to give suggestions to further research and performance.